致癌转录激活与肿瘤发展及来源于化疗或靶向疗法的抗药性有关。超螺旋延伸复合物（SEC）是一个重要的复合物，调节介动物基因转录和表达与生理活动密切相关。在正常的转录调节中，SEC可以触发启动子逃逸，限制转录延伸因子的蛋白水解降解并增加RNA聚合酶II（POL II）的合成，并调节许多正常的人类基因来促进RNA延伸。SEC的失调伴随着癌症中的多个转录因子，促进致癌基因的快速转录，并诱导癌症发展。在本综述中，我们总结了在理解SEC机制在正常转录调节中的作用方面最近的进展，以及它在癌症发展中的作用。我们还强调了发现与SEC复合物靶标相关的抑制剂及其在癌症治疗中的潜在应用。版权所有©2023 Elsevier Inc.。保留所有权利。

Oncogenic transcription activation is associated with tumor development and resistance derived from chemotherapy or target therapy. The super elongation complex (SEC) is an important complex regulating gene transcription and expression in metazoans closely related to physiological activities. In normal transcriptional regulation, SEC can trigger promoter escape, limit proteolytic degradation of transcription elongation factors and increase the synthesis of RNA polymerase II (POL II), and regulate many normal human genes to stimulate RNA elongation. Dysregulation of SEC accompanied by multiple transcription factors in cancer promotes rapid transcription of oncogenes and induce cancer development. In this review, we summarized recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of SEC in regulating normal transcription, and importantly its roles in cancer development. We also highlighted the discovery of SEC complex target related inhibitors and their potential applications in cancer treatment.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.