乳头状甲状腺癌（PTC）是内分泌系统中常见的恶性肿瘤，其患病率和死亡率逐年增长。传统的二维细胞系培养缺乏组织结构，难以反映肿瘤异质性。小鼠模型的构建效率低，耗时长，难以应用于大规模个体化治疗。迫切需要具有临床相关性、能够重现其对应原发肿瘤生物学的模型。基于PTC的临床标本，我们通过探索和优化组织学培养系统，成功建立了患者来源的有机体。这些有机体已稳定培养超过5代并成功冷冻保存和复苏。组织病理学和基因组分析显示匹配的肿瘤和有机体之间存在高度一致的组织学结构和突变景观。在此，我们展示了从临床标本中获取PTC有机体的详细方法。利用此方法，我们已经成功地从甲状腺癌样本中建立了PTC有机体系列，成功率为77.6％（38/49）至今。版权所有©2023杨，梁，张，刘，魏，陈，魏，陈和赵。

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a common malignancy of the endocrine system, and its morbidity and mortality are increasing year by year. Traditional two-dimensional culture of cell lines lacks tissue structure and is difficult to reflect the heterogeneity of tumors. The construction of mouse models is inefficient and time-consuming, which is difficult to be applied to individualized treatment on a large scale. Clinically relevant models that recapitulate the biology of their corresponding parental tumors are urgently needed. Based on clinical specimens of PTC, we have successfully established patient-derived organoids by exploring and optimizing the organoid culture system. These organoids have been cultured stably for more than 5 passages and successfully cryopreserved and retried. Histopathological and genome analysis revealed a high consistency of the histological architectures as well as mutational landscapes between the matched tumors and organoids. Here, we present a fully detailed method to derive PTC organoids from clinical specimens. Using this approach, we have developed PTC organoid lines from thyroid cancer samples with a success rate of 77.6% (38/49) until now.Copyright © 2023 Yang, Liang, Zhang, Liu, Wei, Chen, Wei, Chen and Zhao.