Isthmin-1（ISM1）最初被认为是一种脑部分泌因子，但随着技术手段和动物模型的不断完善，许多研究表明，这种分子在多个组织中表达，表明它可能具有多种生物功能。作为调节生长和发育的因子，ISM1在不同的动物中有空间和时间变异，并可以协调多个器官的正常发育。最近的研究发现，在非胰岛素途径的依赖下，ISM1可以降低血糖，抑制胰岛素调节的脂质合成，促进蛋白质合成，并影响身体的葡萄糖脂质和蛋白质代谢。此外，ISM1通过促进细胞凋亡和抗血管生成，并调节多种炎症途径来影响人体的免疫应答，在癌症发展中发挥重要作用。本文的目的是总结近年来相关研究结果，描述ISM1生物功能的关键特点，为ISM1相关疾病的研究和潜在治疗策略提供理论基础。ISM1主要的生物功能。目前对ISM1生物功能的研究集中于生长发育、代谢和抗癌治疗。在胚胎发育中，ISM1在斑马鱼、非洲爪蟾、鸡、小鼠和人中动态表达，与颅面畸形、心脏定位异常和造血功能障碍有关。ISM1在调节身体的葡萄糖代谢、脂质代谢和蛋白质代谢方面起着重要作用。ISM1通过调节细胞自噬、血管生成和免疫微环境来影响癌症的发展。 ©2023年作者。

Isthmin-1 (ISM1) was initially thought to be a brain secretory factor, but with the development of technical means of research and the refinement of animal models, numerous studies have shown that this molecule is expressed in multiple tissues, suggesting that it may have multiple biological functions. As a factor that regulates growth and development, ISM1 is expressed in different animals with spatial and temporal variability and can coordinate the normal development of multiple organs. Recent studies have found that under the dependence of a non-insulin pathway, ISM1 can lower blood glucose, inhibit insulin-regulated lipid synthesis, promote protein synthesis, and affect the body's glucolipid and protein metabolism. In addition, ISM1 plays an important role in cancer development by promoting apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis, and by regulating multiple inflammatory pathways to influence the body's immune response. The purpose of this paper is to summarize relevant research results from recent years and to describe the key features of the biological functions of ISM1. We aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the study of ISM1 related diseases, and potential therapeutic strategies. The main biological functions of ISM1. Current studies on the biological functions of ISM1 focus on growth and development, metabolism, and anticancer treatment. During embryonic development, ISM1 is dynamically expressed in the zebrafish, African clawed frog, chick, mouse, and human, is associated with craniofacial malformations, abnormal heart localization, and hematopoietic dysfunction. ISM1 plays an important role in regulating glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and protein metabolism in the body. ISM1 affects cancer development by regulating cellular autophagy, angiogenesis, and the immune microenvironment.© 2023. The Author(s).