Glioblastoma（GBM）是成年人最常见的原发性恶性脑肿瘤，儿童患者中的发病率为10-15％。因此，年龄被视为导致GBM发展的主要风险因素之一，它与胶质细胞中的细胞老化现象相关，并有利于肿瘤转化的过程。性别差异也已被鉴定出来，由于GBM的男性发病率高于女性，并伴随着更糟糕的预后。在本综述中，我们根据过去20年的文献，分析了GBM发病、基因突变情况、临床表现和生存期的年龄和性别差异，重点关注了肿瘤发展中涉及的主要风险因素以及成年人与年轻患者、男性与女性发现的突变和基因变化。然后，我们强调了年龄和性别对临床表现和肿瘤定位的影响，以及它们参与诊断时间和决定肿瘤预后价值的作用。版权所有©2023 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, while its frequency in pediatric patients is 10-15%. For this reason, age is considered one of the major risk factors for the development of GBM, as it correlates with cellular aging phenomena involving glial cells and favoring the process of tumor transformation. Gender differences have been also identified, as the incidence of GBM is higher in males than in females, coupled with a worse outcome. In this review, we analyze age- and gender- dependent differences in GBM onset, mutational landscape, clinical manifestations, and survival, according to the literature of the last 20 years, focusing on the major risk factors involved in tumor development and on the mutations and gene alterations most frequently found in adults vs young patients and in males vs females. We then highlight the impact of age and gender on clinical manifestations and tumor localization and their involvement in the time of diagnosis and in determining the tumor prognostic value.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.