近年来，单细胞RNA测序和生物信息学的进步极大地增强了我们对于传统难以研究的器官（如胰腺）的细胞组成的探究能力。随着这些技术和方法的出现，该领域在短短几年内就从对胰腺疾病状态的描述，扩展到对胰管腺癌治疗抵抗分子机制的鉴定。单细胞转录组学及相关空间方法已发现了以往未描述的上皮和基质细胞类型和状态，以及随疾病进展这些细胞群体的变化，为设计新的治疗策略提供了潜在的作用机制。本文将回顾单细胞转录组学方法如何改变我们对胰腺生物学和疾病进展的理解。© 作者（或其雇主）2023年。未经商业再利用。请查看权利和权限。由BMJ出版。

Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing and bioinformatics have drastically increased our ability to interrogate the cellular composition of traditionally difficult to study organs, such as the pancreas. With the advent of these technologies and approaches, the field has grown, in just a few years, from profiling pancreas disease states to identifying molecular mechanisms of therapy resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, a particularly deadly cancer. Single-cell transcriptomics and related spatial approaches have identified previously undescribed epithelial and stromal cell types and states, how these populations change with disease progression, and potential mechanisms of action which will serve as the basis for designing new therapeutic strategies. Here, we review the recent literature on how single-cell transcriptomic approaches have changed our understanding of pancreas biology and disease progression.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.