为了探索AVPR2在头颈鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）免疫治疗中的潜力，从而为新型抗肿瘤策略提供见解。在本研究中，我们利用来自癌症基因组图谱和基因表达数据库的公共数据集对HNSCC中的AVPR2基因进行了全面的分析。我们从基因表达、预后、免疫亚型和免疫浸润等方面探讨了HNSCC的潜在分子机制。相比正常组织，原发性HNSCC组织中的AVPR2表达显著下调。高AVPR2表达的HNSCC患者预后更好。此外，GSEA的结果显示，免疫亚型表面AVPR2参与了免疫调节。此外，在HNSCC中AVPR2表达与浸润免疫细胞之间存在显著强的相关性，且浸润免疫细胞的标记基因与HNSCC中的AVPR2表达也显著相关。这些结果表明，AVPR2表达可以影响肿瘤免疫细胞的浸润。最后，我们发现只有高水平的B细胞浸润，而不是其他免疫细胞的浸润，可以预测HNSCC患者的更长总体生存率。未来的研究需要探讨AVPR2和肿瘤浸润B细胞在HNSCC中的作用。AVPR2基因可能是HNSCC的预后生物标志物。此外，AVPR2可能在HNSCC免疫调节中发挥作用，并且AVPR2通过调节肿瘤浸润的B细胞可能是一个关键的环节。©2023年。作者。

To explore the potential of AVPR2 in the immunotherapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), thus providing insights into a novel antitumour strategy.In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the AVPR2 gene in HNSCC using public datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. We explored the potential molecular mechanism of HNSCC in clinical prognosis and tumour immunity from the aspects of gene expression, prognosis, immune subtypes, and immune infiltration.AVPR2 expression was significantly downregulated in primary HNSCC tissue compared with normal tissue. HNSCC patients with high AVPR2 expression had a better prognosis. Moreover, the results of GSEA showed that immune subtype surface AVPR2 is involved in immune modulation. Furthermore, significant strong correlations between AVPR2 expression and infiltrating immune cells existed in HNSCC, and marker genes of infiltrating immune cells were also significantly related to AVPR2 expression in HNSCC. These results suggest that AVPR2 expression can influence the infiltration of tumour immune cells. Finally, we found that only high levels of B-cell infiltration, rather than those of other immune cells, can predict a longer overall survival in patients with HNSCC. Future studies are needed to explore the role of AVPR2 and tumour-infiltrating B cells in HNSCC.The AVPR2 gene may be a prognostic biomarker of HNSCC. Moreover, AVPR2 may play a role in HNSCC immune modulation, and the regulation of tumour-infiltrating B cells by AVPR2 may be a key link.© 2023. The Author(s).