手足综合征（HFS）是卡培他滨（capecitabine）的常见不良反应，影响了癌症患者的生活质量。为了增强卡培他滨的耐受性，本研究评估了将槲皮素纳入局部胶原基质配方中，以靶向HFS潜在的胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷酸酶、氧化应激和凋亡。40只斯普雷格-道利大鼠被分配到4个相等的组中。对照组口服蒸馏水。通过口服卡培他滨（200mg/kg/天）诱导HFS21天。未经治疗的HFS组未接受任何治疗。在治疗组中，局部胶原和槲皮素纳入的胶原基质配方与HFS诱导方案同时给予。使用槲皮素纳入的胶原基质进行治疗，与未经治疗和胶原治疗组相比，可以显著降低胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷酸酶水平。使用槲皮素纳入的胶原基质进行治疗，与未经治疗组相比，可以显著降低丙二醛和半胱氨酸天冬酶水平，并显著提高皮肤总抗氧化能力和B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病2水平。此外，观察到HFS的总体画面和组织病理评分得到了显著改善。综上所述，槲皮素纳入的胶原基质是预防HFS的有希望的配方，因为它靶向胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷酸酶，具有抗氧化和抗凋亡作用。

Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is a common adverse effect of capecitabine affecting the quality of life of cancer patients. To enhance the tolerability of capecitabine, this work evaluated the incorporation of quercetin into topical collagen matrix formula to target thymidine phosphorylase enzyme, oxidative stress, and apoptosis underlying HFS. 40 Sprague Dawley rats were allocated to 4 equal groups. The control group received distilled water orally. HFS was induced by oral capecitabine (200 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. The untreated HFS group received no treatment. In the treated groups, topical collagen and quercetin-incorporated collagen matrix formula were administered concomitantly with the HFS induction protocol. Treatment with quercetin-incorporated collagen matrix showed a significant decrease in thymidine phosphorylase level compared to the untreated and collagen-treated groups. Treatment with quercetin-incorporated collagen matrix showed a significant decrease in malondialdehyde and caspase-3 levels, and a significant increase in the total antioxidant capacity of the skin and B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2 levels compared to the untreated group. Additionally, a significant improvement in the gross picture and histopathological score of HFS was observed. In conclusion, the quercetin-incorporated collagen matrix is a promising formula for the prevention of HFS, due to the targeted effect on thymidine phosphorylase, subsequent antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects.