S100A8和S100A9是属于S100家族的Ca2+结合蛋白。主要表达于中性粒细胞和单核细胞中，S100A8和S100A9在调节各种炎症反应和与炎症相关疾病中发挥关键作用。作为一种常见的异源二聚体结构S100A8/A9，S100A8和S100A9被广泛报道参与肿瘤细胞中的多条信号通路。同时，S100A8/A9、S100A8和S100A9主要作为促进因素，通过干扰肿瘤代谢和微环境促进肿瘤的发展、生长和转移。近年来，S100A8/A9、S100A9和S100A8作为肿瘤诊断或预后生物标志物的潜力也得到了证明。此外，涉及S100A8/A9和相关信号通路的潜在治疗方案也越来越多。在本文中，我们将首先深入阐述S100A8/A9、S100A9和S100A8的特征，重点关注它们与肿瘤细胞和微环境的相互作用，然后讨论它们作为生物标志物和治疗靶点的临床应用。我们还强调当前的局限性并展望S100A8/A9靶向抗癌治疗的未来。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier B.V.发表。

S100A8 and S100A9 are Ca2+ binding proteins that belong to the S100 family. Primarily expressed in neutrophils and monocytes, S100A8 and S100A9 play critical roles in modulating various inflammatory responses and inflammation-associated diseases. Forming a common heterodimer structure S100A8/A9, S100A8 and S100A9 are widely reported to participate in multiple signaling pathways in tumor cells. Meanwhile, S100A8/A9, S100A8, and S100A9, mainly as promoters, contribute to tumor development, growth and metastasis by interfering with tumor metabolism and the microenvironment. In recent years, the potential of S100A8/A9, S100A9, and S100A8 as tumor diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers has also been demonstrated. In addition, an increasing number of potential therapies targeting S100A8/A9 and related signaling pathways have emerged. In this review, we will first expound on the characteristics of S100A8/A9, S100A9, and S100A8 in-depth, focus on their interactions with tumor cells and microenvironments, and then discuss their clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We also highlight current limitations and look into the future of S100A8/A9 targeted anti-cancer therapy.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.