基于纳米粒子的结构（形态和组装方式），定位表面等离子共振（LSPR）属性对环境的波动非常敏感。保留源自LSPR属性的色度效应，同时引入提供补充信息的新光学性质（如荧光），是提高结构可控性和光学特性重现性的有效手段。DNA作为一种绿色低成本的蚀刻剂被证明能够有效控制金属纳米颗粒的形态和光学性质（如LSPR峰的蓝移）。在此，以银纳米三角形（AgNTs）为概念证明，我们报道了一种新的策略，通过使用单一DNA首先作为刻蚀剂刻蚀AgNTs的形态，然后作为合成荧光性银纳米团簇（AgNCs）的模板来诱导精确可调的LSPR和荧光组合双模信号。此外，被证明具有合成AgNCs的常用模板，如L-谷胱甘肽和牛血清白蛋白，也具有作为蚀刻剂的能力。更重要的是，这些生物分子作为双功能封顶剂（蚀刻剂和模板）遵循尺寸依赖规则：随着巯基化生物分子的尺寸增加，LSPR峰的蓝移增加；同时，荧光强度也会增加。探索了一种可以通过酶促裂解反应改变生物大分子基质（DNA，肽肽和蛋白质）的分子量（尺寸）的酶，以调控所得纳米颗粒的LSPR和荧光特性（通过AgNTs刻蚀和AgNCs合成），在癌症相关蛋白酶检测方面取得了优异的性能。这项研究可以扩展到其他生物高分子，并影响基础纳米科学和应用，为生物分析生物传感器和纳米医学提供强有力的新工具。

The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) property, depending on the structure (morphology and assembly) of nanoparticles, is very sensitive to the environmental fluctuation. Retaining the colorimetric effect derived from the LSPR property while introducing new optical properties (such as fluorescence) that provide supplementary information is an effective means to improve the controllability in structures and reproducibility in optical properties. DNA as a green and low-cost etching agent has been demonstrated to effectively control the morphology and optical properties (the blue shift of the LSPR peak) of the plasmonic nanoparticles. Herein, taking silver nanotriangles (AgNTs) as a proof of concept, we report a novel strategy to induce precisely tunable LSPR and fluorescence-composited dual-mode signals by using mono-DNA first as an etching agent for etching the morphology of AgNTs and later as a template for synthesizing fluorescent silver nanoclusters (AgNCs). In addition, common templates for synthesizing AgNCs, such as l-glutathione and bovine serum albumin, were demonstrated to have the capability to serve as etching agents. More importantly, these biomolecules as dual-functional capping agents (etching agents and templates) follow the size-dependent rule: as the size of the thiolated biomolecule increases, the blue shift of the LSPR peak increases; at the same time, the fluorescence intensity increases. The enzyme that can change the molecular weight (size) of the biomolecular substrates (DNA, peptides, and proteins) through an enzymatic cleavage reaction was explored to regulate the LSPR and fluorescent properties of the resulting nanoparticles (by etching of AgNTs and synthesis of AgNCs), achieving excellent performance in detection of cancer-related proteases. This study can be expanded to other biopolymers to impact both fundamental nanoscience and applications and provide powerful new tools for bioanalytical biosensors and nanomedicine.