肿瘤微环境（TME）的复杂性和可塑性使得全面理解不同细胞类型及其活动的内肿瘤调控困难。巨噬细胞在TME的信号动力学中发挥着关键作用。在不同亚型巨噬细胞中，与肿瘤相关的巨噬细胞（TAMs）通常与预后不良相关，尽管某些类型的TAMs同时可以提高治疗响应并导致有利的临床预后。TAMs是癌细胞增殖、转移、血管生成、细胞外基质重塑、瘤代谢以及重要的免疫抑制调节因子在TME中的关键调节因子，通过调节各种趋化因子、细胞因子和生长因子。TAMs已被确认为化疗和癌症免疫治疗抗性的主要贡献者。在本综述文章中，我们旨在讨论TAMs如何调节TME中的先天和适应性免疫信号的机制，并总结有关针对TAMs和肿瘤代谢靶向治疗的最新临床前研究。©2023年。作者在Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany独家许可下，属于Springer Nature的一部分。

The complexity and plasticity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) make it difficult to fully understand the intratumoral regulation of different cell types and their activities. Macrophages play a crucial role in the signaling dynamics of the TME. Among the different subtypes of macrophages, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are often associated with poor prognosis, although some subtypes of TAMs can at the same time improve treatment responsiveness and lead to favorable clinical outcomes. TAMs are key regulators of cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, tumor metabolism, and importantly immunosuppression in the TME by modulating various chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors. TAMs have been identified as a key contributor to resistance to chemotherapy and cancer immunotherapy. In this review article, we aim to discuss the mechanisms by which TAMs regulate innate and adaptive immune signaling in the TME and summarize recent preclinical research on the development of therapeutics targeting TAMs and tumor metabolism.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.