乳腺癌是癌症死亡的主要原因和重大公共卫生问题。越来越多的乳腺癌死亡和女性对该疾病的了解不足有很大关系。尽管已经频繁进行宣传乳腺癌认知的活动，但证据表明女性仍缺乏认知。因此，此研究评估了莱索托育龄妇女乳腺癌认知的普遍程度和相关因素。我们使用2014年莱索托人口和卫生调查的群体横断面数据。共分析了6,620名育龄妇女。结果变量是乳腺癌认知。听说过乳腺癌的妇女被视为认知了该疾病。采用多层二元 logistic 回归模型确定了与妇女乳腺癌认知相关的因素。乳腺癌认知的水平为86.8％（95％ CI：85.5、87.9）。45-49岁的妇女（调整后的比值比率（AOR）= 2.87，95％置信区间（CI）：1.83，4.48），已婚妇女（AOR = 1.51（95％ CI：1.19，1.93））和受教育程度更高的妇女（AOR = 12.56，（95％ CI：4.35，36.28））更有可能知道乳腺癌。 此外，每周至少听收音机的妇女（AOR = 1.96，（95％ CI：1.63，2.37）），那些阅读报纸或杂志的妇女（AOR = 1.91，（95％ CI：1.48，2.46））和最富有的一组妇女（AOR = 2.55，（95％ CI：1.67，3.89））知道乳腺癌的几率更高。但是，居住在农村地区的妇女的乳腺癌认知率比城市地区的妇女低（AOR = 0.63，（95％ CI：0.47，0.84））。莱索托育龄妇女的乳腺癌认知水平非常低。我们建议政策制定者、临床医生和公共卫生从业者在设计和开发干预程序以提高莱索托妇女对乳腺癌的认知时考虑本研究发现的因素。©2023作者。

Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality and a major public health problem. The growing number of breast cancer-related deaths has been largely attributed to a lack of awareness of the disease among women. Whilst there have been frequent campaigns promoting breast cancer awareness, evidence suggests that women still lack awareness. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with the awareness of breast cancer among women of reproductive age in Lesotho.We used population-based cross-sectional data from the 2014 Lesotho Demographic and Health survey. A total of 6,620 women of reproductive age were included in the analysis. The outcome variable was awareness of breast cancer. Women who heard about breast cancer were considered to be aware of the disease. Multilevel binary logistic regression models were fitted to determine the factors associated with breast cancer awareness among women.The level of awareness of breast cancer was 86.8% (95% CI: 85.5, 87.9). Women aged 45-49 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.87, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.83, 4.48], married women [AOR = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.93)], and women with higher educational level [AOR = 12.56, (95% CI: 4.35, 36.28)] were more likely to be aware of breast cancer. Additionally, women who listened to the radio at least once a week [AOR = 1.96, (95% CI: 1.63, 2.37)], those who read newspapers or magazines [AOR = 1.91 (95% CI: 1.48, 2.46)] and women in the wealthiest group [AOR = 2.55, (95% CI: 1.67, 3.89)] had higher odds of breast cancer awareness. However, women who were in rural areas were less likely [AOR = 0.63, (95% CI: 0.47, 0.84)] to be aware of breast cancer than those in urban areas.The level of awareness of breast cancer among women of reproductive age in Lesotho was extremely low. We recommend that policymakers, clinicians, and public health practitioners should consider the factors identified in this study when designing and developing intervention programs to improve the awareness of breast cancer among women in Lesotho.© 2023. The Author(s).