多年来，有关胆汁定性分析及其在诊断和治疗中的应用的科学研究非常有限。由于检测结果不尽如人意，包括胆管癌或胆囊癌等疾病的发现，以及需要发现更有效的诊断技术，胆汁已成为一个有趣的研究方向。今天，感谢最新的研究，浓度分析，如胆汁特定胆盐、蛋白质、核酸或脂肪酸，或者胆汁微生物失衡，可能在癌症检测或肝硬化胆管炎/胆管结石等疾病的进展预测中发挥关键作用。这篇综述文章提供了个体胆汁溶质的概述，可能在诊断改善中发挥作用。

Over the years, scientific research concerning the qualitative analysis of bile and its use in diagnostics and treatment, have been very limited. Due to unsatisfactory results of detection, inter alia, cholangiocarcinoma or gallbladder carcinoma, and the necessity to discover more efficient techniques of diagnostics, bile has become an interesting direction to study. Nowadays, thanks to the latest research, analysis of concentration i.e. specific bile salts, proteins, nucleic or fatty acids in bile or imbalance of biliary microbiome, could play a crucial role in cancer detection or prognosis of progression such diseases as primary sclerosing cholangitis/ choledocholithiasis. This review article provides an overview of individual biliary solutes, which may play a role in diagnostics improvement.