电磁引导支气管镜检查(ENB)和径向内支气管超声(R-EBUS)是先进的显像引导支气管镜检查技术，可用于诊断肺部病变。本研究旨在确定仅进行ENB和R-EBUS两种技术的相对诊断产量，优选中度镇静条件下的支气管镜检查。我们调查了2017年1月至2022年4月期间接受仅ENB(n=157)或仅R-EBUS(n=131)进行肺部病变生物检查的288名患者。经过1:1倾向得分匹配控制术前因素，比较两种技术的诊断产出率、恶性肿瘤的灵敏度和与手术相关的并发症。通过倾向得分匹配，我们获得了105对手术，具有平衡的临床和放射学特征。总体诊断产量ENB明显高于R-EBUS（83.8% vs. 70.5%，p=0.021）。ENB在病变大小>20mm(85.2% vs. 72.3%，p=0.034)、放射学实性病变(86.7% vs. 72.7%，p=0.015)和2级支气管征病变(91.2% vs. 72.3%，p=0.002)的患者中的诊断产量显著高于R-EBUS。恶性肿瘤的灵敏度ENB也高于R-EBUS (81.3% vs. 55.1%，p<0.001)。在未匹配的队列中调整临床/放射学因素后，ENB相对于R-EBUS具有更高的诊断产量(奇异比=3.45，95%置信区间=1.75-6.82)。气胸并发症率在ENB和R-EBUS之间没有显著差异。ENB在中度镇静条件下用于诊断肺部病变的诊断产量高于R-EBUS，且并发症率类似且普遍较低。我们的数据表明，在最少侵入条件下，ENB优于R-EBUS。Copyright© 2023 SEPAR。由Elsevier España，S.L.U.出版。保留所有权利。

Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) and radial endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) are advanced imaging-guided bronchoscopy techniques for diagnosing pulmonary lesions. This study aimed to determine the comparative diagnostic yield of sole ENB and R-EBUS under moderate sedation.We investigated 288 patients who underwent sole ENB (n=157) or sole R-EBUS (n=131) under moderate sedation for pulmonary lesion biopsy between January 2017 and April 2022. After a 1:1 propensity score-matching to control for pre-procedural factors, the diagnostic yield, sensitivity for malignancy, and procedure-related complications between both techniques were compared.The matching resulted in 105 pairs/procedure for analyses with balanced clinical and radiological characteristics. The overall diagnostic yield was significantly higher for ENB than for R-EBUS (83.8% vs. 70.5%, p=0.021). ENB demonstrated a significantly higher diagnostic yield than R-EBUS among those with lesions>20mm in size (85.2% vs. 72.3%, p=0.034), radiologically solid lesions (86.7% vs. 72.7%, p=0.015), and lesions with a class 2 bronchus sign (91.2% vs. 72.3%, p=0.002), respectively. The sensitivity for malignancy was also higher for ENB than for R-EBUS (81.3% vs. 55.1%, p<0.001). After adjusting for clinical/radiological factors in the unmatched cohort, using ENB over R-EBUS was significantly associated with a higher diagnostic yield (odd ratio=3.45, 95% confidence interval=1.75-6.82). Complication rates for pneumothorax did not significantly differ between ENB and R-EBUS.ENB demonstrated a higher diagnostic yield than R-EBUS under moderate sedation for diagnosing pulmonary lesions, with similar and generally low complication rates. Our data indicate the superiority of ENB over R-EBUS in a least-invasive setting.Copyright © 2023 SEPAR. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.