桂枝子作为消炎剂在结膜炎和支气管炎的传统使用广泛报道。由于其抗炎潜力，本研究评估了桂枝子种子 n-己烷和水提取物（200毫克/千克）在完全弗氏佐剂（CFA）关节炎大鼠模型中的体内抗关节炎活性。记录了基线和 CFA 诱导后 4 天间隔至第 28 天的爪子大小（毫米）、关节直径（毫米）和疼痛反应（秒）的变化。麻醉大鼠的血样进行了血液学、氧化和炎症生物标志物的估计。结果显示，n-己烷和水提取物的爪肿胀抑制率分别为 45.09% 和 60.79%。提取物治疗组中看到爪子大小和脚踝关节直径的显着降低（P＜0.01）。治疗后红细胞沉降率、C-反应蛋白、白细胞水平显着降低，血红蛋白、血小板和红细胞计数显着增加。与 CFA 诱导关节炎对照组相比，处理组的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽显着改善（P＜0.0001）。实时聚合酶链反应研究表明，n-己烷和水提取物治疗组中的白细胞介素-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6、环氧合酶-2、核因子-κB、前列腺素 E 合成酶 2、干扰素γ显着下调（P＜0.05），白细胞介素-4、白细胞介素-10上调。因此，结论是桂枝子能够通过调节氧化和炎症生物标志物显著减轻 CFA 诱导的关节炎。© 2023年，作者，专属于 Springer Nature Switzerland AG。

Traditional use of Cassia absus as an anti-inflammatory in conjunctivitis and bronchitis is well reported. Owing to its anti-inflammatory potential, the current study appraised in vivo anti-arthritic activity of n-hexane and aqueous extracts of Cassia absus seeds (200 mg/kg) using Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) rat model of arthritis. Changes in paw size (mm), joint diameter (mm), and pain response (sec) were recorded at the baseline and then after CFA induction at the interval of 4 days till the 28th day. Blood samples of anesthetized rats were collected for the estimation of hematological, oxidative, and inflammatory biomarkers. Results showed percent inhibition in paw edema (45.09% and 60.79%) with both n-hexane and aqueous extracts, respectively. Significant reduction in paw size and ankle joint diameter (P < 0.01) was seen in extracts treated rats. Erythrocyte Sedimentation rate, C-Reactive Protein, White Blood Cell levels significantly lowered, and Hemoglobin, Platelets and Red Blood Cell count significantly increased post-treatments. Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, and Glutathione were significantly improved (P < 0.0001) in treated groups as compared to CFA induced arthritic control. Real-time polymerase chain reaction investigation showed significant downregulation (P < 0.05) of Interleukin-1β, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin-6, Cycloxygenase-2, Nuclear Factor-κB, Prostaglandin E Synthase 2, Interferon Gamma and upregulation of Interleukin-4, Interleukin-10 in both n-hexane and aqueous extract-treated groups. It is thereby concluded that Cassia absus can significantly attenuate CFA-induced arthritis by modulation of oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.