髓系抑制细胞（MDSCs）是肿瘤微环境（TME）中的主要负性调节因子之一，由骨髓中的髓系祖细胞异常分化而来，其具有强大的免疫抑制能力，抑制了由T细胞、自然杀伤细胞和树突状细胞介导的免疫反应，促进了调节性T细胞和肿瘤相关巨噬细胞的生成，推动了免疫逃逸，最终导致肿瘤进展和转移。在本综述中，我们强调了MDSCs在TME中的重要特征，作为肿瘤免疫治疗的潜在靶点进行探索。我们讨论了旨在从免疫抑制性到免疫刺激性环境重构TME的治疗和方法，这有助于预防MDSC的免疫抑制活性，促进MDSC分化，并影响肿瘤部位MDSC的招募和丰度。我们还总结了目前在识别合理的联合策略方面所取得的进展，以深入了解和推进MDSC在TME中的生成和抑制机制及特征，以提高癌症患者的临床疗效和预后。版权所有©2023赵、杜和沈。

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are one of the major negative regulators in tumor microenvironment (TME) due to their potent immunosuppressive capacity. MDSCs are the products of myeloid progenitor abnormal differentiation in bone marrow, which inhibits the immune response mediated by T cells, natural killer cells and dendritic cells; promotes the generation of regulatory T cells and tumor-associated macrophages; drives the immune escape; and finally leads to tumor progression and metastasis. In this review, we highlight key features of MDSCs biology in TME that are being explored as potential targets for tumor immunotherapy. We discuss the therapies and approaches that aim to reprogram TME from immunosuppressive to immunostimulatory circumstance, which prevents MDSC immunosuppression activity; promotes MDSC differentiation; and impacts MDSC recruitment and abundance in tumor site. We also summarize current advances in the identification of rational combinatorial strategies to improve clinical efficacy and outcomes of cancer patients, via deeply understanding and pursuing the mechanisms and characterization of MDSCs generation and suppression in TME.Copyright © 2023 Zhao, Du and Shen.