阿魏（ATR，中文名石菖蒲），是一种天然产物，在各种疾病中具有多种靶点。本综述提供了阿魏化学组成、药理作用、药动学参数和毒性的全面概述。结果表明，阿魏具有广泛的化学组成，包括挥发油、萜类化合物、有机酸、类黄酮、氨基酸、木质素、碳水化合物等等。来自不同研究的积累证据表明，阿魏具有广泛的药理特性，包括保护神经细胞、缓解学习和记忆障碍、抗缺血、抗心肌缺血、抗心律失常、抗肿瘤、抗菌和抗氧化活性。目前，阿魏在中国的中枢神经系统、心血管系统、胃肠系统、呼吸系统等领域被广泛应用，治疗癫痫、抑郁症、健忘、意识、焦虑、失眠、失语、耳鸣、癌症、痴呆、中风、皮肤病等复杂疾病。药代动力学研究表明，阿魏的活性成分β-沙菜醇、α-沙菜醇、顺-甲基异茴香酚和离茎香醛经口服后吸收缓慢。此外，毒性研究表明，阿魏没有致癌、致畸、致突变毒性。然而，仍然缺乏动物的长期或高剂量毒性测试来探索阿魏的急性和慢性毒性。考虑到良好的药理活性，阿魏有望成为治疗阿尔茨海默病、抑郁症或溃疡性结肠炎的潜在药物候选者。然而，需要进一步研究其化学组成、药理作用、分子机制和靶点、提高其口服生物利用度，并澄清其潜在毒性。版权所有 ©2023 Wen、Yang和Hao。

Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (ATR, Shi Chang Pu in Chinese), a natural product with multiple targets in various diseases. This review provides the comprehensive summary of the chemical composition, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics parameters and toxicity of ATR. The results indicated that ATR possesses a wide spectrum of chemical composition, including volatile oil, terpenoids, organic acids, flavonoids, amino acids, lignin, carbohydrates and so on. Accumulating evidence from various studies has shown that ATR exerts a wide range of pharmacological properties, including protecting nerve cells, alleviating learning and memory impairment, anti-ischemic, anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-arrhythmic, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, and anti-oxidant activities. Currently, ATR is widely used in the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal digestive system, respiratory system in China, and for the treatment of epilepsy, depression, amnesia, consciousness, anxiety, insomnia, aphasia, tinnitus, cancers, dementia, stroke, skin diseases, and other complex diseases. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that β-asarone, α-asarone, cis-methylisoeugenol, and asarylaldehyde, the active components of ATR, were absorbed slowly after oral administration of ATR. Moreover, toxicity studies have suggested that ATR has no carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic toxicity. Nevertheless, long term or high-dose toxicity testing in animals to explore the acute and chronic toxicity of acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma is still lacking. In view of good pharmacological activities, ATR is expected to be a potential drug candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, depression, or ulcerative colitis. However, further studies are needed to elucidate its chemical composition, pharmacological effects, molecular mechanisms and targets, improve its oral bioavailability, and clarify its potential toxicity.Copyright © 2023 Wen, Yang and Hao.