肿瘤的物理环境和表型，以及基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和表观基因组学之间的复杂相互作用越来越被认为对癌症的发展、进展和进化有重要影响。例如，机械应力可以改变基因组维护和组蛋白修饰，从而影响转录和表观基因组。增加的硬度与遗传异质性有关，是异染色质积累的原因。因此，硬度会导致基因表达失调，破坏蛋白质组，并对血管生成产生影响。多项研究表明，癌症物理学如何影响各种癌症标志，如对细胞死亡的抵抗、血管生成和逃避免疫破坏。在本文中，我们将解释癌症物理学在癌症进化中的作用，并探讨多组学如何被用于阐明支撑这些机制的原因。版权所有 © 2023 Gourmet 和Walker-Samuel。

Complex interactions between the physical environment and phenotype of a tumour, and genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and epigenomics, are increasingly known to have a significant influence on cancer development, progression and evolution. For example, mechanical stress can alter both genome maintenance and histone modifications, which consequently affect transcription and the epigenome. Increased stiffness has been linked to genetic heterogeneity and is responsible for heterochromatin accumulations. Stiffness thereby leads to deregulation in gene expression, disrupts the proteome and can impact angiogenesis. Several studies have shown how the physics of cancer can influence diverse cancer hallmarks such as resistance to cell death, angiogenesis and evasion from immune destruction. In this review, we will explain the role that physics of cancer plays in cancer evolution and explore how multiomics are being used to elucidate the mechanisms underpinning them.Copyright © 2023 Gourmet and Walker-Samuel.