肺癌是癌症死亡率的主要原因。作为一种异质性疾病，它有不同的亚型和各种治疗方式。除了传统的手术、放疗和化疗，定向治疗和免疫治疗也被应用于临床。然而，药物耐受性和全身毒性仍然无法避免。基于纳米粒子的独特属性，它为肺癌治疗提供了一个新思路，特别是针对性免疫治疗。当纳米粒子被用作具有特殊物理性质的药物载体时，纳米药物输送系统可以确保靶向精度和药物稳定性，同时增加药物在肿瘤组织中的渗透性和聚集性，展现良好的抗肿瘤效果。本研究综述了各种纳米粒子的性质，包括聚合物纳米粒子、脂质体纳米粒子、量子点、树状分子和金纳米粒子及其在肿瘤组织中的应用。此外，还讨论了基于纳米粒子药物输送在肺癌治疗中的特定应用，包括临床前研究和临床试验。© 作者(们) 2023。

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality. As a heterogeneous disease, it has different subtypes and various treatment modalities. In addition to conventional surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy have also been applied in the clinics. However, drug resistance and systemic toxicity still cannot be avoided. Based on the unique properties of nanoparticles, it provides a new idea for lung cancer therapy, especially for targeted immunotherapy. When nanoparticles are used as carriers of drugs with special physical properties, the nanodrug delivery system ensures the accuracy of targeting and the stability of drugs while increasing the permeability and the aggregation of drugs in tumor tissues, showing good anti-tumor effects. This review introduces the properties of various nanoparticles including polymer nanoparticles, liposome nanoparticles, quantum dots, dendrimers, and gold nanoparticles and their applications in tumor tissues. In addition, the specific application of nanoparticle-based drug delivery for lung cancer therapy in preclinical studies and clinical trials is discussed.© The Author(s) 2023.