比较肿瘤学是一门新近采用的研究癌症和开发癌症治疗方法的领域。如狗等伴侣动物可用于评估临床转化前的新型生物标志物或抗癌靶点。因此，犬模型的价值正在增加，已经开展了大量研究以分析犬和人体内多种自发发生癌症之间的相似性和差异性。越来越多的犬癌症模型以及用于这些模型的研究级试剂正在成为可用，从而导致了从基础科学到临床试验覆盖的比较肿瘤学研究的显着增长。在此综述中，我们总结了已经进行的有关各种犬癌症分子景观的比较肿瘤学研究，并强调把比较生物学融入癌症研究的重要性。©2023. 作者（们）。

Comparative oncology is a field of study that has been recently adopted for studying cancer and developing cancer therapies. Companion animals such as dogs can be used to evaluate novel biomarkers or anticancer targets before clinical translation. Thus, the value of canine models is increasing, and numerous studies have been conducted to analyze similarities and differences between many types of spontaneously occurring cancers in canines and humans. A growing number of canine cancer models as well as research-grade reagents for these models are becoming available, leading to substantial growth in comparative oncology research spanning from basic science to clinical trials. In this review, we summarize comparative oncology studies that have been conducted on the molecular landscape of various canine cancers and highlight the importance of the integration of comparative biology into cancer research.© 2023. The Author(s).