虽然论文的角色蛋白在非小细胞肺癌中经常表达，但它与免疫检查点抑制剂的疗效关联仍不清楚。本回顾性多中心研究招募了2015年12月至2020年7月期间接受ICI治疗的NSCLC患者。作者构建了组织微阵列，使用角质素进行免疫组织化学染色。他们分析了角蛋白表达率与客观疗效率（ORR）、无进展生存率（PFS）和总生存率（OS）之间的关系。在微阵列块上评估免疫组织化学的标本共397例患者，其中343例（86％）为阴性（<10％），30例（8％）为阳性（10-49％），24例（6％）高度阳性（≥50％）角蛋白表达。PD-L1肿瘤比例分数≥1％和≥50％的比率在角蛋白阳性组（≥10％）中显著高于角蛋白阴性组（<10％）（分别为96％与78％，p=0.004，64％与42％，p=0.006）。在接受ICI单药治疗的患者中，角蛋白阳性组（10-49％）的ORR、PFS和OS均优于角蛋白阴性组（<10％）（分别为54％与25％，p=0.003，中位数分别为7.9与3.2个月，p=0.011；中位数分别为27.0与13.6个月，p=0.015），而在角蛋白高度阳性组（≥50％）与角蛋白阴性组（<10％）之间的PFS和OS没有显着差异（中位数分别为3.4与3.2个月，p=0.57; 中位数分别为7.2与13.6个月，p=0.086）。角蛋白的表达与PD-L1的表达和ICI疗效相关。我们在397例接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者中构建了组织微阵列，并使用角蛋白进行免疫组织化学染色。用ICI单药治疗的角蛋白阳性组显示了显著更好的客观疗效率、无进展生存率和总生存率。测量角蛋白的表达将有助于确定适当的免疫治疗策略。©2023美国癌症协会。

Although vimentin is often expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the association between vimentin expression and immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy remains unclear.This retrospective multicenter study enrolled patients with NSCLC who received ICI treatment between December 2015 and July 2020. The authors constructed tissue microarrays and performed immunohistochemical staining with vimentin. They analyzed the relationship between vimentin expression rate and objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).Immunohistochemically evaluable specimens on microarray blocks were available for 397 patients, of whom 343 (86%) were negative (<10%), 30 (8%) were positive (10%-49%), and 24 (6%) were highly positive (≥50%) for vimentin expression. Both rates of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score ≥1% and ≥50% were significantly higher in the vimentin-positive group (≥10%) than the vimentin-negative group (<10%) (96% vs. 78%, p = .004; 64% vs. 42%, p = .006, respectively). In patients treated with ICI monotherapy, ORR, PFS, and OS were significantly better in the vimentin-positive group (10%-49%) than in the vimentin-negative group (<10%) (54% vs. 25%, p = .003, median = 7.9 vs. 3.2 months, p = .011; median = 27.0 vs. 13.6 months, p = .015, respectively), whereas there was no significant difference in PFS and OS between the vimentin highly positive group (≥50%) and the vimentin-negative group (<10%) (median = 3.4 vs. 3.2 months, p = .57; median = 7.2 vs. 13.6 months, p = .086, respectively).Vimentin expression correlated with PD-L1 expression and ICI efficacy.We constructed tissue microarrays and performed immunohistochemical staining with vimentin on 397 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who were treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). The vimentin-positive group who were treated with ICI monotherapy showed significantly better objective response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival than the vimentin negative group. The measurement of vimentin expression will aid in determining appropriate immunotherapy strategies.© 2023 American Cancer Society.