子宫平滑肌瘤是育龄妇女中最常见的良性肿瘤。尽管有几项研究报告饮酒与子宫肌瘤发病率呈正相关，但鲜有针对韩国妇女的研究。本研究旨在调查饮酒与韩国早期生殖年龄妇女新发生子宫平滑肌瘤的风险之间的关联。本研究是一项回顾性的全国性人群队列研究，使用国家健康保险服务（K-NHIS）数据库。参与者包括 2009 年至 2012 年期间接受国家健康检查的 2,512,384 名无症状的韩国女性，年龄在 20-39 岁之间。随访期从第一次国家健康检查的日期到新发生 UL 的诊断日期或 2018 年 12 月（如果没有发现 UL）为止。UL 的诊断需要年内两个门诊记录或一份住院记录，其中包括国际疾病分类第 10 修订版（ICD-10）的 UL 代码（D25），在 K-NHIS 中进行记录。排除标准是在筛查期间（2002 年 1 月至第一次健康检查的日期之间）已经诊断为 UL 或在基线检查后的 1 年内被诊断为 UL。研究饮酒对新发生 UL 风险、每次饮酒喝的量以及连续饮酒对时间和新发生 UL 风险之间的关联。约有 6.1％ 的 20-39 岁女性被诊断为 UL，平均为 4.3 年。饮酒与新发生 UL 的比例增加了 12-16％（轻度至中度饮酒者的 HR 为 1.12，置信区间为 95％ 为 1.11-1.14；重度饮酒者的 HR 为 1.16，置信区间为 95％ 为 1.12-1.20）。每周一次或以上饮酒与 UL 风险增加有关（每周一次饮酒的 HR 为 1.11，置信区间为 95％ 为 1.10-1.12；每周 ≥3 次饮酒的 HR 为 1.15，置信区间为 95％ 为 1.12-1.17），与每次饮酒喝的量成比例增加（每次饮酒 ≥7 杯的 HR 为 1.17，置信区间为 95 ％为 1.15-1.19）。在两年后进行问卷调查时也报告饮酒的女性（连续饮酒者）与两次均未饮酒的女性相比，新发生 UL 的风险增加了 20％（HR 为 1.20，置信区间为 95％ 为 1.17-1.22）。在停止饮酒的女性中，风险增加了 3％（HR 为 1.03，置信区间为 95％ 为 1.01-1.06），而在开始饮酒的女性中，风险增加了 14％（HR1.14，置信区间为 95％ 为 1.11-1.16）。饮酒习惯、每次饮酒喝的量以及连续饮酒 2 年与新发生 UL 的风险之间有显著关联。在早期生殖期女性中避免或停止饮酒可以降低新发生 UL 的风险。Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Uterine leiomyomas are the most common benign tumors in women of childbearing age. Although there are several studies reporting the positive association of drinking alcohol with the incidence of uterine leiomyomas (UL), studies targeting Korean women are lacking.This study aimed to investigate the association between alcohol consumption and the risk of new onset UL in early reproductive age Korean women.This was a retrospective nationwide population-based cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service (K-NHIS) database. Participants comprised 2,512,384 asymptomatic Korean women aged 20-39 years who underwent a national health examination during 2009-2012. Follow-up period was from the date of first national health examination to the date of diagnosis of new-onset UL or December 2018 if no UL was detected. The diagnosis of UL required two outpatient records within a year or one inpatient record of International Classification of Disease, 10th revision (ICD-10) codes of UL (D25), in the K-NHIS. Exclusion criteria were previously diagnosed UL during the screening period (January 2002 to the date of first health examination) or UL diagnosis within 1 year of baseline examination. The association between alcohol consumption, amount drunk per drinking session, and sustained drinking over time and the risk of new-onset UL were investigated.About 6.1 % of women aged 20-39 years were diagnosed with UL after an average of 4.3 years. Alcohol consumption was associated with an increased incidence of new onset UL of 12-16% (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.11-1.14 for mild-to-moderate drinkers; HR 1.16, 95 % CI 1.12-1.20 for heavy drinkers). Drinking one or more days per week was associated with an increased risk of UL (HR 1.11, 95 % CI 1.10-1.12 for 1 day/week drinking; HR 1.15, 95 % CI 1.12-1.17 for ≥3 days/week drinking), and the association increased proportionately to the amount of alcohol consumed per drinking session (HR 1.17, 95 % CI 1.15-1.19 for ≥7 glasses/drinking session). Women who also reported alcohol consumption in the questionnaire administered two years later (sustained drinkers) exhibited a 20% increased risk of new-onset UL (HR 1.20, 95 % CI 1.17-1.22) compared to women who answered that they did not drink alcohol at both times (sustained non-drinkers). In women who discontinued drinking, the risk was 3% (HR 1.03, 95 % CI 1.01-1.06), whereas in women who became drinkers, the risk was 14% (HR1.14, 95 % CI 1.11-1.16).An alcohol drinking habit, the amount of alcohol consumed per drinking session, and sustained drinking over 2 years were significantly associated with the risk of new-onset UL. Avoiding or discontinuing drinking could lower the risk of new-onset UL in early reproductive-aged women.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.