本研究旨在展示台湾头颈癌（HNC）发病率的时间趋势。从台湾健康保险资料库中选取了患有HNC的患者。我们在2010年至2018年之间确定了16,894名首次被诊断为口腔、咽喉、喉、喉咙、鼻咽、鼻窦、唾液腺或甲状腺癌的20岁及以上的患者。我们计算了每10万人口的全年发病率，总体上，按性别和癌症类型分类。我们还使用年百分变化率（APC）来描述头颈癌发病率随时间的趋势。发病率显示出呈下降趋势，从2010年至2018年，APC为-2.81%（p<0.001）。在性别组内，女性的下降趋势不显著（APC=-1.69，95% CI=-3.58~0.23，p=0.080）。在癌症类型方面，鼻咽癌（APC=-7.89%，95% CI=-9.43%∼-6.31%，p<0.001）、鼻窦癌（APC=-10.08%，95% CI=-16.66%∼-2.99%，p=0.012）和咽喉癌（APC=-9.47%，95% CI=-15.15%∼-3.42%，p=0.013）的下降幅度非常高且统计学显著。相反，在研究期间，甲状腺癌的发病率出现了显著增加，APC为4.75%（95% CI=-2.81%∼6.75%，p<0.001）。台湾的头颈癌呈下降趋势，主要是由于上呼吸道和咽喉癌。然而，甲状腺癌的发病率同时也有显著的增长趋势。这些趋势可能与台湾人的生活方式和行为选择有关。Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

This study aimed to demonstrate the temporal trend in incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) in Taiwan.Patients with a HNC were retrieved from the Taiwan's Health Insurance Database. We identified 16,894 patients aged ≥20 years who had received a first-time diagnosis of cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, sinonasal, salivary gland or thyroid gland between 2010 and 2018. We calculated the annual incidence rate per 100,000 population, overall, and classified by gender and cancer type. We also used the annual percent change (APC) to characterize trends in head and neck cancer rates over time.The incidence rate showed a gradual decline during this period from 2010 to 2018 with an APC of -2.81% (p < 0.001). Within gender groups, the decline was not statistically significant among females (APC = -1.69, 95% CI = -3.58 ∼ 0.23, p = 0.080). Within cancer types, strikingly high magnitude and statistically significant declines were observed in respect of cancer of the nasopharynx (APC = -7.89%, 95% CI = -9.43%∼-6.31%, p < 0.001), sinonasal cancer (APC = -10.08%, 95% CI = -16.66%∼-2.99%, p = 0.012) and oropharyneal cancer (APC = -9.47%, 95% CI = -15.15%∼-3.42%, p = 0.013) over the study period. In contrast, there was a statistically significant increase in incidence on thyroid cancer over the study period with an APC of 4.75% (95% CI = -2.81%∼6.75%, p < 0.001).HNCs in Taiwan are showing a decreasing trend, led by the upper respiratory and oropharyngeal cancers. However, there was a concurrent increasing trend of the incidence on thyroid cancer. These trends may be attributable to changing lifestyles and behavioral choices in Taiwan.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.