迫切需要新型抗生素来对抗新出现的耐药微生物菌株。Aspergillus微生物共培养是最紧迫的资源之一。Aspergillus物种基因组组成的全新基因群比之前预期的要多得多，利用这个潜在的新药和药理剂的来源需要新的策略和方法。这是第一篇审查最近Aspergillus共培养的发展和化学多样性，突出其未开发的丰富性。分析的数据显示，多种Aspergillus物种与其他微生物（包括细菌、植物和真菌）的联合培养是新型生物活性天然产物的来源。在Aspergillus共培养中产生或增强了各种重要的化学基本骨架引导，其中包括紫杉醇、细胞毒素素、诺他胺、五肽、水飞蓟素和山茱萸素等。发现了共培养可能产生霉毒素或完全消除霉菌污染的可能性，为更好的去污策略铺平了道路。由于产生的化学模式，大多数共培养显示出了显著的抗微生物或细胞毒素行为的改善；例如，weldone和asperterrin的抗肿瘤和抗菌活性分别优于其他化合物。微生物共培养引发了特定代谢产物的上调或产生，其重要性和意义有待揭示。在过去的10年中，从Aspergillus共培养中分离了155多种化合物，它们在优化的共培养条件下产生了过量、减少或完全抑制，为寻找新的抗癌药物或抗微生物药物活性分子的药物化学家填补了一个空白。©2023年。韩国制药学会。

There is an urgent need for novel antibiotics to combat emerging resistant microbial strains. One of the most pressing resources is Aspergillus microbial cocultures. The genome of Aspergillus species comprises a far larger number of novel gene clusters than previously expected, and novel strategies and approaches are essential to exploit this potential source of new drugs and pharmacological agents. This is the first review consulting recent developments and chemical diversity of Aspergillus cocultures and highlighting its untapped richness. The analyzed data revealed that cocultivation of several Aspergillus species with other microorganisms, including bacteria, plants, and fungi, is a source of novel bioactive natural products. Various vital chemical skeleton leads were newly produced or augmented in Aspergillus cocultures, among which were taxol, cytochalasans, notamides, pentapeptides, silibinin, and allianthrones. The possibility of mycotoxin production or complete elimination in cocultivations was detected, which pave the way for better decontamination strategies. Most cocultures revealed a remarkable improvement in their antimicrobial or cytotoxic behavior due to their produced chemical patterns; for instance, weldone and asperterrin whose antitumor and antibacterial activities, respectively, were superior. Microbial cocultivation elicited the upregulation or production of specific metabolites whose importance and significance are yet to be revealed. With more than 155 compounds isolated from Aspergillus cocultures in the last 10 years, showing overproduction, reduction, or complete suppression under the optimized coculture circumstances, this study filled a gap for medicinal chemists searching for new lead sources or bioactive molecules as anticancer agents or antimicrobials.© 2023. The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea.