人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）相关的咽喉癌筛查正被研究，但没有确立识别适当人口的策略。作者们评估了使用口腔HPV风险因素来丰富携带致癌HPV生物标志物的筛查人口是否可行。该研究招募了约翰•霍普金斯医院和西奈山伊卡恩医学院的参与者。符合条件的参与者要么是男性30岁或以上，曾有两个或更多口交伴侣，并有肛门前病变/肿瘤的个人病史，要么是患有与HPV相关的癌症患者的伴侣。口腔冲洗和血清样本分别检测致癌HPV DNA、RNA和E6或E7抗体。任何生物标志物阳性的参与者都被考虑为高风险人群。在1108名参与者中，7.3%的人具有任何致癌口腔HPV DNA，22.9%的人具有致癌HPV E6或E7血清抗体。17名参与者（1.5%）既有口腔生物标志物，又有血液生物标志物。HPV16生物标志物较少，仅有3.7%的参与者检测到，其中包括20名携带口腔HPV16 DNA和22名携带HPV16 E6血清抗体的人（其中1人既有口腔HPV16 DNA，又有HPV16 E6血清抗体）。在调整分析中，与HIV携带者生活（调整比值比2.65；95％CI，1.60-4.40）和年龄较大（66-86岁比24-45岁；调整比值比1.70；95％CI，1.07-2.70）是高风险的显著预测因素。与一般人群相比，口腔HPV16的患病率（1.8％对0.9％）、任何致癌口腔HPV DNA的患病率（7.3％对3.5％）和HPV16 E6抗体的患病率（2.2％对0.3％）显著升高。符合资格标准的丰富化成功地鉴定了一种具有更高的生物标志物患病率的人群，包括HPV16生物标志物，可以考虑加入筛查试验。在这一群体中，大多数人仍然预计患咽喉癌的风险较低。© 2023 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancer screening is being explored in research studies, but strategies to identify an appropriate population are not established. The authors evaluated whether a screening population could be enriched for participants with oncogenic HPV biomarkers using risk factors for oral HPV.Participants were enrolled at Johns Hopkins Hospitals and Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine. Eligible participants were either men aged 30 years or older who had two or more lifetime oral sex partners and a personal history of anogenital dysplasia/cancer or partners of patients who had HPV-related cancer. Oral rinse and serum samples were tested for oncogenic HPV DNA, RNA, and E6 or E7 antibodies, respectively. Participants with any biomarker were considered at-risk.Of 1108 individuals, 7.3% had any oncogenic oral HPV DNA, and 22.9% had serum antibodies for oncogenic HPV E6 or E7. Seventeen participants (1.5%) had both oral and blood biomarkers. HPV type 16 (HPV16) biomarkers were rarer, detected in 3.7% of participants, including 20 with oral HPV16 DNA and 22 with HPV16 E6 serum antibodies (n = 1 had both). In adjusted analysis, living with HIV (adjusted odds ratio, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.60-4.40) and older age (66-86 vs. 24-45 years; adjusted odds ratio, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.07-2.70) were significant predictors of being at risk. Compared with the general population, the prevalence of oral HPV16 (1.8% vs. 0.9%), any oncogenic oral HPV DNA (7.3% vs. 3.5%), and HPV16 E6 antibodies (2.2% vs. 0.3%) was significantly elevated.Enrichment by the eligibility criteria successfully identified a population with higher biomarker prevalence, including HPV16 biomarkers, that may be considered for screening trials. Most in this group are still expected to have a low risk of oropharyngeal cancer.© 2023 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society.