现代乳腺外科肿瘤学涵盖了多个方面的护理，包括术前工作、手术管理和多学科协作，以实现有利的肿瘤学结果和高患者满意度。然而，手术实践和结果存在差异。本综述旨在确定影响乳腺手术结果的可改变的外科医生因素，并提供现代乳腺外科肿瘤学家的定义。进行系统的文献检索，并进行附加的倒叙引文检索。其中包括描述可修改的外科医生因素和相关乳腺手术结果的研究，如乳房保留、哨兵淋巴结活检、再切除、并发症、良好的美学结果以及无病生存和总体生存率。外科医生因素被分类进行质性分析。总共有91个研究符合纳入标准，描述了可修改的外科医生因素和结果数据。确定与改善乳腺手术结果有关的四个关键外科医生因素：手术量（45项研究）、应用整形乳腺手术技术（41项研究）、专攻乳腺外科或外科肿瘤学（9项研究）以及参加专业发展活动（5项研究）。基于文献综述，现代乳腺外科肿瘤学家拥有中高水平的乳腺手术实践能力，了解整形乳腺手术的使用和应用，参加额外的培训机会，保持相关学会的成员资格，并及时更新关键文献。从事乳腺外科肿瘤学的外科医生可以针对这些可改变的因素进行专业发展和质量改进。©2023年。外科肿瘤学协会。

Modern breast surgical oncology incorporates many aspects of care including preoperative workup, surgical management, and multidisciplinary collaboration to achieve favorable oncologic outcomes and high patient satisfaction. However, there is variability in surgical practice and outcomes. This review aims to identify modifiable surgeon factors influencing breast surgery outcomes and provide a definition of the modern breast surgical oncologist.A systematic literature search with additional backward citation searching was conducted. Studies describing modifiable surgeon factors with associated breast surgery outcomes such as rates of breast conservation, sentinel node biopsy, re-excision, complications, acceptable esthetic outcome, and disease-free and overall survival were included. Surgeon factors were categorized for qualitative analysis.A total of 91 studies met inclusion criteria describing both modifiable surgeon factor and outcome data. Four key surgeon factors associated with improved breast surgery outcomes were identified: surgical volume (45 studies), use of oncoplastic techniques (41 studies), sub-specialization in breast surgery or surgical oncology (9 studies), and participation in professional development activities (5 studies).On the basis of the literature review, the modern breast surgical oncologist has a moderate- to high-volume breast surgery practice, understands the use and application of oncoplastic breast surgery, engages in additional training opportunities, maintains memberships in relevant societies, and remains up to date on key literature. Surgeons practicing in breast surgical oncology can target these modifiable factors for professional development and quality improvement.© 2023. Society of Surgical Oncology.