前列腺癌（PCa）是男性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，显著地促进了全球死亡率的增加。虽然导致死亡的原因是晚期转移性疾病，但与欧洲血统男性相比，这种情况不成比例地影响非洲血统男性。在这篇综述中，我们描述了潜在的机制，阐述了这些种群中转移性PCa的现有治疗方法、治疗结果和生存率的差异。希望引起关注并处理PCa转移的差异。我们使用PubMed、Google Scholar和Science Direct等数据库回顾了现有的文献，使用以下关键词：前列腺癌转移、前列腺癌转移差异、前列腺癌转移诊断和治疗、前列腺癌遗传差异和机制、遗传差异和前列腺肿瘤微环境以及非洲血统男性和临床治疗的接触。文献使用的包括原始研究文章和综述文章。研究表明，与前列腺癌转移性差异有关的独特的遗传标记和分子机制，如上皮间质转化、炎症和生长激素信号。临床研究还表明，治疗结果存在种族差异，比如非洲血统的患者对恩扎卢胺和免疫治疗有更好的反应，但与欧洲血统的患者相比，这些药物的使用机会较少。越来越多的证据表明，患者的遗传特征、前列腺肿瘤微环境和社会健康决定因素之间存在联系，从而导致转移性疾病的侵袭性和治疗结果。虽然有可能存在几个潜在的途径，但目前的诊断和治疗应用的局限性使得处理PCa转移的差异需要进行严格的研究注意。©2023年。作者与施普林格自然有限公司签订了独家许可协议。

Prostate cancer (PCa), one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting men, significantly contributes to increased mortality rates worldwide. While the causative death is due to advanced metastatic disease, this occurrence disproportionately impacts men of African descent compared to men of European descent. In this review, we describe potential mechanisms underlying PCa metastases disparities and current treatments for metastatic disease among these populations, differences in treatment outcomes, and survival rates, in hopes of highlighting a need to address disparities in PCa metastases.We reviewed existing literature using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct using the following keywords: "prostate cancer metastases", "metastatic prostate cancer disparity", "metastatic prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment", "prostate cancer genetic differences and mechanisms", "genetic differences and prostate tumor microenvironment", and "men of African descent and access to clinical treatments". The inclusion criteria for literature usage were original research articles and review articles.Studies indicate unique genetic signatures and molecular mechanisms such as Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), inflammation, and growth hormone signaling involved in metastatic PCa disparities. Clinical studies also demonstrate differences in treatment outcomes that are race-specific, for example, patients of African descent have a better response to enzalutamide and immunotherapy yet have less access to these drugs as compared to patients of European descent.Growing evidence suggests a connection between a patient's genetic profile, the prostate tumor microenvironment, and social determinants of health that contribute to the aggressiveness of metastatic disease and treatment outcomes. With several potential pathways highlighted, the limitations in current diagnostic and therapeutic applications that target disparity in PCa metastases warrant rigorous research attention.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.