胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）仍然是最致命的癌症之一。显著的努力已经在很大程度上定义了促进PDAC病理发生和进展的主要遗传因素。胰腺肿瘤的特征是复杂的微环境，协调着代谢变化，并支持这个生态位内各种细胞类型之间的相互作用。在本评述中，我们突出了推动我们对这些过程理解的基础性研究。我们进一步讨论了最近的技术进步，这些进步不断扩大我们对PDAC复杂性的理解。我们认为，这些研究努力的临床转化将增强这种难以治愈疾病目前拮抗的生存率。版权所有©2023 The Authors。Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the deadliest cancers. Significant efforts have largely defined major genetic factors driving PDAC pathogenesis and progression. Pancreatic tumors are characterized by a complex microenvironment that orchestrates metabolic alterations and supports a milieu of interactions among various cell types within this niche. In this review, we highlight the foundational studies that have driven our understanding of these processes. We further discuss the recent technological advances that continue to expand our understanding of PDAC complexity. We posit that the clinical translation of these research endeavors will enhance the currently dismal survival rate of this recalcitrant disease.Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.