膀胱卡介苗（BCG）是膀胱非肌层侵袭性上皮癌常用且高效的治疗方法。BCG可能会引起某些患者的自身免疫反应。分析了158篇文章，共有130名患者出现了反应性关节炎，60名患者出现了眼部表现，还有18名患者出现了其他类风湿病。在130名患有反应性关节炎的受试者中，自身免疫症状出现在5次膀胱内注射BCG（IQR 4-6）后，这在大多数情况下代表了5周。51名患者伴有眼部受累。症状的缓解在中位数32.5天（IQR 14-90）内实现。42名男性和20名女性出现了眼部表现，最常见的是结膜炎。HLA-B27分型的患者眼部症状的早期出现与注射次数相关（4.5次比6次[p < 0.05]短）。采用NSAIDs（无论是否与类固醇合用）治疗的患者，无论是关节炎组还是眼部组的疾病持续时间均显著缩短（分别为28天对120天[p<0.05]和30天对105天[p<0.05]）。其他自身免疫表现包括一般自身免疫性疾病，如血管炎、银屑病和重症肌无力。版权所有©2023 Elsevier B.V.出版。

Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a common and highly effective treatment for non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. BCG may cause an autoimmune reaction in some patients. One hundred and fifty-eight papers were analyzed, for a total of hundred and thirty patients with reactive arthritis, sixty patients with ocular manifestations and eighteen patients with other rheumatologic diseases. Among 130 subjects with reactive arthritis, an autoimmune symptom occurred after 5 instillations of intravesical BCG (IQR 4-6), which represents 5 weeks in most cases. Fifty-one patients had concurrent ocular involvement. The resolution of symptoms was achieved in a median of 32.5 days (IQR 14-90). Forty-two men and twenty women had ocular manifestations, most commonly conjunctivitis. Patients with HLA-B27 typing had earlier presentation of ocular symptoms related to the number of instillations (4.5 vs 6 [p < 0.05]. Resolution of symptoms was achieved at a median of 128 days (IQR 21-150). Among patients treated with NSAIDs (either with or without steroids), the duration of the disease was significantly shorter in both the articular and the ocular groups (28 vs. 120 [p < 0.05] and 30 vs.105 [p < 0.05], respectively). Other autoimmune manifestations included general autoimmune diseases, such as vasculitis, psoriasis and myasthenia gravis.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.