靶向前列腺特异性膜抗原（PSMA）的细小分子的发现已经推动了诊断影像和精准放射性药物疗法的发展，本文中我们呈现了现有数据和PSMA基于影像处理在原发性、化学复发性和转移性前列腺癌管理中的主要临床评估。我们还讨论了探索PSMA基于放射性药物治疗（RPT）在转移性前列腺癌中的临床研究以及将要进行的探索PSMA RPT在早期疾病状态的试验。在临床试验设计和治疗管理中进行多学科合作对于这一不断发展中的放射治疗领域的持续进展至关重要。© 2023作者（们），在斯普林格自然有限公司的独家授权下。

The discovery of small molecules that target the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has led to advancements in diagnostic imaging and the development of precision radiopharmaceutical therapies. In this review, we present the available existing data and highlight the key ongoing clinical evaluations of PSMA-based imaging in the management of primary, biochemically recurrent, and metastatic prostate cancer. We also discuss clinical studies that explore the use of PSMA-based radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) in metastatic prostate cancer and forthcoming trials that investigate PSMA RPT in earlier disease states. Multidisciplinary collaboration in clinical trial design and therapeutic administration is critical to the continued progress of this evolving radiotheranostics field.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.