尽管盆腔CT图像中经常发现前列腺钙化，但通常认为钙化本身并不具有临床意义。最近的一项组织学研究提出了前列腺钙化和前列腺癌发生之间的关联。我们的目标是确定前列腺钙化对未来前列腺癌发生的预测价值。我们对于2010年4月至2011年3月期间进行盆腔不增强CT检查且此前没有前列腺癌病史的男性患者进行了回顾性分析，并进行了至2021年12月的随访。使用Cox比例风险模型评估前列腺癌的风险，包括前列腺钙化（定义为CT衰减值≥130 HU的高密度面积大于3mm），控制年龄、身体质量指数（BMI）、高血压和糖尿病。共评估了636名男性患者（平均年龄为68岁±9【标准偏差】）。随访结束时，前列腺癌在前列腺钙化患者中的诊断比例比没有前列腺钙化患者更高（6.5% vs 2.6%）。多元分析表明，CT中的前列腺钙化是未来前列腺癌发生的重要预测因素（风险比[HR] 2.7；95％CI：1.20，5.91；p = 0.016）。在任何其他因素中均未观察到统计学差异。前列腺钙化可能是未来前列腺癌发生的重要预测因素，并可用于风险分层和指导筛查方案。盆腔不增强CT扫描中前列腺钙化的存在与长期随访中前列腺癌发生率的增加有关。

Although prostate calcification is often identified on pelvic CT images, calcification itself is usually not considered clinically significant. A recent histological study proposed an association between prostate calcification and prostate cancer occurrence. Our aim was to determine the predictive value of prostate calcifications for future prostate cancer occurrence.We retrospectively analysed male patients (≥50 years old) without prior prostate cancer history, who underwent unenhanced pelvic CT between April 2010 and March 2011, and followed-up until December 2021. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess prostate cancer risk with prostate calcification (defined as a high-density area larger than 3 mm with CT attenuation values ≥ 130 HU), controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension and diabetes mellitus.A total of 636 male patients (mean age, 68 years ± 9 [standard deviation]) were evaluated. At the end of follow-up, prostate cancer had been more frequently diagnosed in patients with prostate calcification than those without prostate calcification (6.5% vs  2.6%). Multivariate analysis revealed that prostate calcification on CT was a significant predictor of future prostate cancer occurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.7; 95% CI: 1.20, 5.91; p = 0.016). No statistical differences were observed in any other factors.Prostate calcification may be a significant predictor of future prostate cancer occurrence, and may be used for risk stratification and to guide screening protocols.Presence of prostate calcification on unenhanced CT scan was associated with increased incidence of prostate cancer occurrence on long term follow-up.