本研究旨在筛选和鉴定与胃癌风险相关的常见变异体和长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）单核苷酸多态性（SNPs），并基于多基因风险评分（PRS）构建预测模型。通过荟萃分析和生物信息学筛选与胃癌相关的危险因素，并通过基于人群的病例对照研究进行验证。我们构建了基于验证数据集的PRS和加权遗传风险评分（wGRS）。使用净重分类改进（NRI）、综合区别改进（IDI）、阿卡（Akaike）信息准则（AIC）和贝叶斯信息准则（BIC）来评估模型。PRS被分为10个量化等级，以40-60%量化等级作为参考基准。在PRS的量化等级范围内揭示了风险梯度，PRS最高的10个量化等级中，胃癌风险比对照人群高出3.24倍（OR=3.24，95%CI：2.07, 5.06）。对于NRI和IDI，PRS组合显著优于wGRS模型组合（P<0.001）。基于PRS结合lncRNA SNPs、吸烟、饮酒和幽门螺杆菌感染的模型是最佳拟合模型（AIC=117.23，BIC=122.31）。基于PRS结合lncRNA SNPs、H. pylori感染、吸烟和饮酒的模型具有最佳的胃癌风险预测能力，有助于区分高风险群体。

This study aimed to screen and identify common variants and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with gastric cancer risk, and construct prediction models based on polygenic risk score (PRS).The risk factors associated with gastric cancer were screened following meta-analysis and bioinformatics, verified by population-based case-control study. We constructed PRS and weighted genetic risk scores (wGRS) derived from the validation data set. Net reclassification improvement (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were used to evaluate model.The PRS was divided into 10 quantiles, with the 40-60% quantile as a reference. A risk gradient was revealed across quantile of the PRS, the risk of gastric cancer in the highest 10 quantile of PRS was 3.24 folds higher than that in control population (OR=3.24, 95%CI: 2.07, 5.06). For NRI and IDI, PRS combinations were significantly improved compared to wGRS model combinations (P<0.001). The model of PRS combined with lncRNA SNPs, smoking, drinking and Helicobacter pylori infection was the best fitting model (AIC=117.23, BIC=122.31).The model based on PRS combined with lncRNA SNPs, H. pylori infection, smoking and drinking had the optimal predictive ability for gastric cancer risk, which was helpful to distinguish high-risk groups.