肿瘤异质性是癌症治疗中的主要问题。癌症干细胞（CSCs）是肿瘤组织中能够产生增殖和静止细胞的亚群。在压力相关条件下，静止细胞能够重新填补肿瘤组织。因此，已经进行了许多尝试，以识别、分离和根除来自各种肿瘤的CSCs。研究发现静止的CSCs比大多数癌细胞不易受到常规治疗的影响。这可能是由于这些细胞的细胞周期减少和DNA修复能力增强。例如，通过消灭快速增殖的肿瘤细胞并将静止的CSCs存活下来，可以暂时抑制疾病进展，但会导致癌症复发。在癌症治疗的所有可用治疗方法中，热疗法利用适度的热能杀死肿瘤细胞。纳米颗粒平台有潜力在同时激活纳米颗粒作为热传感器的情况下，在局部和选择性地沉积热能。过去几十年中，磁性纳米颗粒（MNPs）在生物医学领域得到广泛研究。磁性热疗法（MHT）是一种有前途的治疗方法，其中MNPs通过定向注射（系统性）或直接注射到受暴露于交替磁场（AMF）的肿瘤中。通过给予100 kHz频率的AMF来诱导MNPs发生热反应。尽管已经广泛应用于MHT的单独或联合疗法，但其在靶向CSCs方面的有效性仍不清楚。本文综述了各种类型的MHT及其在癌症治疗中的相关机制，特别是在根除CSCs方面的应用。版权所有 © 2023年。Elsevier Inc.发表。

Tumor heterogeneity is a major problem in cancer treatment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of tumor masses that produce proliferating and quiescent cells. Under stress-related conditions, quiescent cells are capable of repopulating tumor masses. Consequently, many attempts have been made to identify, isolate, and eradicate CSCs from various tumors. Research has found that quiescent CSCs are less susceptible to conventional therapy than bulk cancer cells. This could be due to reduced cell cycling and increased DNA repair capacity of these cells. Indeed, disease progression is temporarily suppressed by eliminating fast-proliferating tumor cells and sparing quiescent CSCs lead to cancer relapse. Among all the available therapeutic modalities for cancer treatment, hyperthermia uses moderate heat to kill tumor cells. Nanoparticle-based platforms have the potential to deposit heat locally and selectively with the simultaneous activation of nanoparticles as heat transducers. Over the past few decades, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been widely investigated in the biomedical field. Magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) is a promising therapeutic approach in which MNPs are delivered directly through targeting (systemic) or by direct injection into a tumor under exposure to an alternating magnetic field (AMF). Heat is generated by the MNPs subjected to AMF at a frequency of 100 kHz. Despite the widespread use of MHT alone or in combination therapies, its effectiveness in targeting CSCs remains unclear. This review discusses various types of MHT and their related mechanisms in cancer therapy, particularly concerning the eradication of CSCs.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.