睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤（TGCT）和神经发育障碍都与泌尿生殖畸形有关。很少有研究探讨精神障碍与TGCT之间的关联。我们调查了任何精神障碍或神经发育障碍的病史是否与TGCT的风险或死亡率增加有关。这是一项基于病例对照研究，包括在1992年至2014年期间被诊断为TGCT的6166名患者，年龄和日历期间与61,660名对照组匹配。我们计算了不同精神诊断和TGCT风险之间的相关性的比值比（OR）。在病例组中，我们采用队列设计，并计算了与精神诊断和全部原因以及TGCT特定死亡的相关性的风险比（HR）。 神经发育障碍（注意力缺陷多动障碍、自闭症谱系障碍和智力障碍）的病史与精原细胞瘤的风险增加有关（OR：1.54；1.09-2.19）。患有神经发育障碍的精原细胞瘤患者年龄更年轻（34岁对比38岁，p = 0.004），并且与无神经发育障碍的患者相比，有更高比例四期疾病（5.4％对1.2％）。总的来说，精神病史与TGCT无关。患有任何精神障碍的患者病史与增加的全因死亡和TGCT特定死亡有关。 我们报告了神经发育障碍和睾丸精原细胞瘤之间的关联，以及患有精神障碍的TGCT患者TGCT特定死亡率的增加。© 2023年。作者（们）。

Both testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) and neurodevelopmental disorders are associated with urogenital malformations. Few studies have investigated the association between psychiatric disorders and TGCT. We investigated whether history of any psychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorder is associated with increased risk or mortality of TGCT.This is a nested case-control study including 6166 TGCT patients diagnosed during 1992-2014, individually matched for age and calendar period to 61,660 controls. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) for the association between type of psychiatric diagnoses and TGCT risk. Among the cases, we used a cohort design and calculated hazard ratios (HRs) of the association between psychiatric diagnose and all-cause and TGCT-specific death.History of a neurodevelopmental disorder (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities) was associated with an increased risk of seminoma (OR: 1.54; 1.09-2.19). Seminoma patients with neurodevelopmental disorders were younger (34 versus 38 years, p = 0.004) and had more stage IV disease (5.4% versus 1.2%) than those without. Psychiatric history overall was not associated with TGCT. Patient history of any psychiatric disorder was associated with an increased all-cause and TGCT-specific death.We report an association between neurodevelopmental disorders and testicular seminoma, and an increased TGCT-specific mortality for TGCT patients with psychiatric disorders.© 2023. The Author(s).