白血病抑制因子（LIF）是白细胞介素-6（IL-6）细胞因子家族的成员。已知通过调节细胞分化、更新和存活来诱导髓系白血病细胞的分化，证据表明其在癌症演化中发挥了作用。近年来，LIF已经成为胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）的生物标志物和治疗靶点。首个人体临床试验显示出有希望的安全性，并提出了LIF抑制剂在联合方案中的潜在作用。在本文中，我们总结、讨论和提出专家意见，探讨LIF在PDAC促进中的作用以及其作为抗癌治疗生物标志物和靶点的潜在作用。我们在PubMed上进行详尽的检索，包括1970年1月1日至2022年8月1日发表的英语文章。PDAC对于患者来说带来了可怕的预后，突出了推进药物研发的必要性。MSC-1的一期试验结果显示出良好的耐受性和安全性，但仅有适度的疗效。未来的研究应当集中在探究LIF靶点，以及在目前的标准化疗和免疫治疗联合方案中的应用，这可能是一种有前途的方法。此外，还需要进行更大的多中心临床试验，以定义LIF作为PDAC患者新生物标志物的应用。

Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) is a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine family. Known to induce differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells, evidence has accumulated supporting its role in cancer evolution though regulating cell differentiation, renewal, and survival. LIF has recently emerged as a biomarker and therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The first-in-human clinical trial has shown promising safety profile and has suggested a potential role for LIF inhibitor in combination regimen.Herein, we summarize, discuss, and give an expert opinion on the role of LIF in PDAC promotion, and its potential role as a biomarker and target of anti-cancer therapy. We conducted an exhaustive PubMed search for English-language articles published from January 1, 1970, to August 1, 2022.PDAC carries a devastating prognosis for patients, highlighting the need for advancing drug development. The results of the phase 1 trial with MSC-1 demonstrated tolerability and safety but modest efficacy. Future research should focus on investigating LIF targets in combination with current standard-of-care chemotherapy and immunotherapy can be a promising approach. Further, larger multicenter clinical trials are needed to define the use of LIF as a new biomarker in PDAC patients.