关于G蛋白偶联雌激素受体1(GPER1)是否具有肿瘤支持或抑制作用的问题有很多不同的答案。在宫颈癌(CC)中，人们对GPER1的功能知之甚少。本研究旨在澄清GPER1在CC中扮演的角色，是促进肿瘤还是抑制肿瘤。使用RNAi进行短暂的GPER1沉默，并通过RT-qPCR获得批准。通过落基甲状腺样细胞和球形形成测试克隆潜力。用RT-qPCR和Western blot量化SERPINE1/PAI-1的表达。使用Phalloidin染色分析形态学变化。使用免疫荧光检测肿瘤球中GPER1的定位。在GPER1沉默后，HeLa和SiHa中形成的菌落更多，并且在C33-A和SiHa CC细胞中形成了更大的菌落。HeLa和SiHa肿瘤球的大小也增加了。此外，HeLa肿瘤球的数量增加了，并且存在更大的次生菌落。C33-A只形成类似于肿瘤球的簇，没有数量和大小的差异。Phalloidin染色显示细胞长度宽度比和平均须长增加。在HeLa中，SERPINE1的表达增加，在C33-A中降低。在SiHa细胞中，SERPINE1略微下降，而蛋白质PAI-1增加。在肿瘤球的周缘区域和芽中可检测到强烈的GPER1表达。GPER1在CC中似乎具有肿瘤抑制作用，因为GPER1沉默引起干细胞属性和迁移/侵袭性的增加。EMT也似乎得到了增强。有趣的是，在GPER1沉默后SERPINE1/PAI-1表达增加。版权所有©2023，国际抗癌研究所(Dr. George J. Delinasios)，保留所有权利。

A wide variety of answers can be found regarding the question of whether G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) is tumor supportive or tumor suppressive. In cervical carcinoma (CC), the function of GPER1 is poorly understood. In this work, we aimed to clarify what role GPER1 plays in CC, tumor promoting of tumor suppressive.Transient GPER1 silencing was conducted using RNAi and approved by RT-qPCR. Clonogenic potential was tested by colony and sphere formation. Expression of SERPINE1/PAI-1 was quantified by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Morphological changes were analyzed using Phalloidin staining. Localization of GPER1 in tumor spheres was examined by immunofluorescence.After GPER1 knockdown, more colonies formed in HeLa and SiHa, and larger colonies formed in C33-A and SiHa CC cells. Size of HeLa and SiHa tumor spheres was also increased. In addition, number of HeLa tumor spheres was elevated, and larger secondary colonies were present. C33-A only formed tumor sphere-like clusters showing no differences in number and size. Phalloidin staining revealed greater cellular length-to-width ratio and increased average filopodia length. Expression of SERPINE1/PAI-1 was increased in HeLa and decreased in C33-A. In SiHa cells, SERPINE1 was slightly decreased, whereas the protein PAI-1 was increased. Strong expression of GPER1 was detectable in peripheral areas and in sprouts of tumor spheres.GPER1 appears to be tumor suppressive in CC, as GPER1 knockdown provoked increased stem cell properties and increased migration/invasion. EMT also appears to be enhanced. Of interest is the increase in SERPINE1/PAI-1 expression after GPER1 knockdown.Copyright © 2023, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.