目前，已经在RNA上鉴定出170多种修饰。在这些RNA修饰中，各种不同的甲基化占了总数的三分之二，并且存在于几乎所有的RNA上。RNA修饰在癌症中的作用越来越受到关注。目前m6A RNA甲基化在癌症研究中处于全面发展阶段。但是，除了m6A RNA甲基化之外，还有许多其他常见的RNA修饰与基因表达后转录调节有关。在本综述中，我们关注几种重要的RNA修饰，包括m1A、m5C、m7G、2'-O-Me、Ψ和A-to-I编辑在癌症中的作用，这将从复杂的表观RNA修饰、转录后剪切、蛋白质翻译的调节网络揭示肿瘤发生的新视角。© 2023. 作者和Springer Nature Limited独家许可。

Currently, more than 170 modifications have been identified on RNA. Among these RNA modifications, various methylations account for two-thirds of total cases and exist on almost all RNAs. Roles of RNA modifications in cancer are garnering increasing interest. The research on m6A RNA methylation in cancer is in full swing at present. However, there are still many other popular RNA modifications involved in the regulation of gene expression post-transcriptionally besides m6A RNA methylation. In this review, we focus on several important RNA modifications including m1A, m5C, m7G, 2'-O-Me, Ψ and A-to-I editing in cancer, which will provide a new perspective on tumourigenesis by peeking into the complex regulatory network of epigenetic RNA modifications, transcript processing, and protein translation.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.