波斯湾可能存在的有毒元素（PTE）污染已成为近几十年来的重要健康问题。本研究旨在对波斯湾沿海沉积物中的潜在有毒元素（包括铅（Pb）、无机砷（As）、镉（Cd）、镍（Ni）和汞（Hg））进行荟萃分析。本研究试图通过检索国际数据库（包括 Web of Science、Scopus、Embase 和 PubMed）来获取有关波斯湾沿海沉积物中 PTE 浓度的研究报告。根据国家子组的随机效应模型进行了波斯湾沿海沉积物中 PTE 的荟萃分析。此外，还对非膳食风险评估（包括摄入、吸入和皮肤接触途径的非致癌和致癌风险）和生态风险评估进行了估算。我们的荟萃分析包括 78 篇论文和 81 个数据报告（1650 个样本）。根据汇总浓度，波斯湾沿海沉积物中重金属的排序为 Ni（65.44 毫克/千克）> Pb（58.35 毫克/千克）> As（23.78 毫克/千克）> Cd（1.75 毫克/千克）> Hg（0.77 毫克/千克）。沙特阿拉伯、阿拉伯联合酋长国、卡塔尔、伊朗和沙特阿拉伯的沿海沉积物中 As、Cd、Pb、Ni 和 Hg 的浓度最高。虽然波斯湾沿海沉积物的 Igeo 指数属于一级（未受污染）和二级（轻微污染），但伊朗、沙特阿拉伯、阿拉伯联合酋长国和卡塔尔成年人和青少年的总靶致危指数（TTHQ）值仍高于 1。成年人和青少年由于 As 导致的总癌症风险（TCR）在伊朗、阿拉伯联合酋长国和卡塔尔高于 1E-6，但由于 As 导致的 TCR 在青少年中在沙特阿拉伯高于 1E-6。因此，建议监测 PTE 的浓度并实施减少波斯湾资源的 PTE 排放的计划。© 2023 作者（们），在 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 的独家许可下，Springer Nature 的一部分。

Potential toxic element (PTE) contamination in the Persian Gulf has become an important health concern in recent decades. This investigation aimed to meta-analyses of potential toxic elements including lead (Pb), inorganic arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and mercury (Hg) in the coastal sediment of the Persian Gulf. In this study, an attempt was made to retrieve papers conducted on the concentration of PTE in the coastal sediment of the Persian Gulf by searching in international databases including Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed. Meta-analysis concentration of PTE in the coastal sediment of the Persian Gulf was conducted using random effects model based on the country subgroup. Additionally, non-dietary risk assessment including non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact routes and ecological risk assessment was estimated. Seventy-eight papers with 81 data-reports (1650 sample size) were included in our meta-analysis. The rank order of heavy metals in coastal sediment of the Persian Gulf based on pooled concentration was Ni (65.44 mg/kg) > Pb (58.35 mg/kg) > As (23.78 mg/kg) > Cd (1.75 mg/kg) > Hg (0.77 mg/kg). The highest concentration of As, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Hg was observed in the coastal sediment of Saudi Arabia, Arab Emirates, Qatar, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, respectively. Although the Igeo index in coastal sediment of the Persian Gulf was in grade 1 (uncontaminated) and grade 2 (slightly contaminated) but total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) of adults and adolescent was higher than 1 value in Iran, Saudi Arabic, United Arab Emirates, and Qatar. Total cancer risk (TCR) for adults and adolescent due to As was higher than 1E-6 in Iran, United Arab Emirates, and Qatar but TCR for adolescents due to As was higher than 1E-6 in Saudi Arabic. Therefore, it is recommended to monitor the concentration of PTE and implementation of programs to reduce the emission of PTE from resources in the Persian Gulf.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.