乳腺癌脑转移瘤（BCBM）正在迅速成为阻碍乳腺癌患者继续生存增益的障碍。穿过血脑屏障进行药物传递是阻碍系统治疗BCBM的主要问题。本综述详述了纳米粒子（NP）药物传递系统用于靶向BCBM的最新进展。它们的主要优点包括：增强循环和内部BCBM药物生物分布，通过NP功能化实现BCBM靶向治疗，提供基因操作的机会以及治疗和诊断应用。多种NP已被合成以提供治疗HER2阻断，特别是考虑到HER2阳性乳腺癌形成BCBM的倾向。最后，我们回顾了在BCBM患者中研究基于NP治疗的临床背景。虽然改善患者预后的突破仍在等待中，这些临床试验代表了对将BCBM视为可治疗的疾病态度的积极步骤。尽管BCBM定向NP疗法的临床转化仍面临着多个挑战，但该领域的持续研究提供了希望的新方向，以针对这种具有破坏性的疾病进行靶向治疗。 © 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Cancer由John Wiley＆Sons Ltd代表UICC出版。

Breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) is rapidly becoming an impediment to continuing survival gains seen in breast cancer patients. Drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier is the main issue hindering systemic therapy against BCBM. This review details recent advances in nanoparticle (NP) drug delivery systems to target BCBM. Their primary benefits are: enhanced circulating and intra-BCBM drug biodistribution, BCBM targeting through NP functionalization, opportunities for gene manipulation and their theragnostic applications. Multiple NPs have been synthesized to deliver therapeutic HER2 blockade, which is particularly important given HER2-positive breast cancer's tendency to form BCBM. Finally, we review the clinical context in which NP-based therapeutics have been investigated in BCBM patients. While a breakthrough in improving patient outcomes remain awaited, these clinical trials represent positive steps in the changing attitude towards BCBM as a treatable illness. Although multiple challenges remain in the clinical translation of BCBM-directed NP therapies, ongoing research in the field offers promising avenues for novel targeting of this devastating disease.© 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Cancer published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of UICC.