在乳腺手术后的并发症中，术后血肿是最常见的情况。虽然大多数是自限性的，但在某些情况下，需要进行手术修复。在穿刺手术中，初步研究表明，真空辅助乳腺活检（VAB）在排空术后乳腺血肿方面具有一定的疗效。然而，目前还没有相关数据显示真空辅助乳腺活检可以排出术后乳腺血肿。因此，本研究旨在研究真空辅助乳腺活检系统排出术后和术后穿刺造成的血肿的疗效，症状缓解情况和手术避免情况。 自2016年1月至2020年1月，从经常维护的数据库中回顾性地招募了乳腺保留手术和经皮穿刺手术后出现≥25毫米症状性乳腺血肿的患者。记录了血肿最大直径、估计血肿容积、总手术时间和超声真空辅助排空（VAEv）前的视觉模拟评分（VAS）得分。在一周内记录了VAS评分、残余血肿体积和并发症。 在932例乳腺保留手术和618例真空辅助乳腺活检手术中，总共记录了15例晚期术后血肿（9例为乳腺保留手术后，6例为真空辅助乳腺活检手术后）。术前中位直径为43.00（35.50-52.50）毫米，中位体积为12.60（7.35-18.30）mm3。至于VAEv，记录的中位时间为25.92（21.89-36.81）分钟。一周后，中位血肿减少了83.00%（78.00%-87.5%），VAS得分明显降低（5.00 vs. 2.00，p>0.001）。无需进行手术治疗，仅出现一例渗出液。 VAEv代表了一种有前途、安全、节约时间和资源的治疗方式，可以排出乳腺血肿，并潜在地降低手术后再次手术的发生率。版权所有©2023年国际抗癌研究所（约治·J·德利纳西奥斯博士），保留所有权利。

Among postoperative complications in breast surgery, postoperative hematoma is the most common occurrence. While mostly self-limited, in some cases surgical revision is mandatory. Among percutaneous procedures, preliminary studies demonstrated the efficacy of vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VAB) in evacuating postprocedural breast hematomas. However, no data are available regarding VAB evacuating postoperative breast hematomas. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the VAB system in evacuating postoperative and postprocedural hematoma, symptom resolution, and avoidance of surgery.From January 2016 to January 2020, patients with ≥25 mm symptomatic breast hematomas developed after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and percutaneous procedures were retrospectively enrolled from a perspective-maintained database. Hematoma maximum diameter, estimated hematoma volume, total procedure time, and visual analog scale (VAS) score before ultrasound (US) vacuum-assisted evacuation (VAEv) were recorded. At one-week VAS score, residual hematoma volume, and complications were recorded.Among 932 BCSs and 618 VAB procedures, a total of 15 late postoperative hematomas were recorded (9 after BCS and 6 after VAB). Preoperative median diameter was 43.00 (35.50-52.50) mm and median volume 12.60 (7.35-18.30) mm3 Regarding VAEv, median time recorded was 25.92 (21.89-36.81) min. At one week, the median hematoma reduction was 83.00% (78.00%-87.5%) with a statistically significant VAS reduction (5.00 vs. 2.00; p>0.001). No surgical treatment was needed and only one case of seroma occurred.VAEv represents a promising safe, time and resource-sparing treatment modality for the evacuation of breast hematomas, potentially decreasing the rate of reoperation after surgery.Copyright © 2023 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.