在数种实体肿瘤中，阿司匹林和他汀类术后辅助治疗可能会提高生存率。本研究旨在评估这些药物是否能在非选择性设置中提高食管癌根治性治疗（包括食管切除术）后的生存率。本国范围的队列研究包括2006年至2015年间在瑞典接受食管癌食管切除术的几乎所有患者，并在2019年进行了完整的随访。使用Cox回归分析食管癌患者使用阿司匹林和他汀类药物致病特异性死亡风险与不使用者的比较，提供带有95％置信区间（CI）的风险比（HR）结果。HR进行了年龄、性别、教育、日历年份、并发症、阿司匹林/他汀类药物使用（相互调整），肿瘤组织学、病理肿瘤分期和围手术期化学（放射）治疗的调整。该队列包括838名在食管切除术后至少存活1年的食管癌患者。其中，165人（19.7％）在术后第一年使用阿司匹林，187人（22.3％）使用他汀类药物。无论是阿司匹林使用（HR 0.92，95％ CI 0.67-1.28）还是他汀类药物使用（HR 0.88，95％ CI 0.64-1.23），均未与任何显著降低的5年疾病特异性死亡率相关联。按年龄、性别、肿瘤分期和肿瘤组织学的分组分析未显示出阿司匹林或他汀类药物使用与5年疾病特异性死亡之间的任何关联。3年使用阿司匹林（HR 1.26，95％ CI 0.98-1.65）或他汀类药物（HR 0.99，95％ CI 0.67-1.45）术前未降低5年疾病特异性死亡。使用阿司匹林或他汀类药物可能不会改善接受手术治疗的食管癌患者的5年生存率。©2023年，作者（们）。

Adjuvant postoperative treatment with aspirin and statins may improve survival in several solid tumors. This study aimed to assess whether these medications improve the survival after curatively intended treatment (including esophagectomy) for esophageal cancer in an unselected setting.This nationwide cohort study included nearly all patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in Sweden from 2006 to 2015, with complete follow-up throughout 2019. Risk of 5-year disease-specific mortality in users compared to non-users of aspirin and statins was analyzed using Cox regression, providing hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The HRs were adjusted for age, sex, education, calendar year, comorbidity, aspirin/statin use (mutual adjustment), tumor histology, pathological tumor stage, and neoadjuvant chemo(radio)therapy.The cohort included 838 patients who survived at least 1 year after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Of these, 165 (19.7%) used aspirin and 187 (22.3%) used statins during the first postoperative year. Neither aspirin use (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.67-1.28) nor statin use (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.64-1.23) were associated with any statistically significant decreased 5-year disease-specific mortality. Analyses stratified by subgroups of age, sex, tumor stage, and tumor histology did not reveal any associations between aspirin or statin use and 5-year disease-specific mortality. Three years of preoperative use of aspirin (HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.98-1.65) or statins (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.67-1.45) did not decrease the 5-year disease-specific mortality.Use of aspirin or statins might not improve the 5-year survival in surgically treated esophageal cancer patients.© 2023. The Author(s).