乳房植入物相关淋巴瘤（BIA）是一种罕见的癌症，发生在纹理乳房植入物周围的液体和纤维包膜中。最近，2022年世界卫生组织第五版血液肿瘤分类（WHO HAEM5）和2022年成熟淋巴细胞肿瘤国际共识分类（22ICC）均承认乳房植入物相关的异型大细胞淋巴瘤（BIA-ALCL）为一个确定的实体，定义为成熟的CD30阳性T细胞淋巴瘤，在乳房植入物设置中受纤维囊膜限制。目前文献中只报道了几种B细胞淋巴瘤与乳房植入物相关。在这里我们报告了两例与乳房植入物有关的EB病毒阳性弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（EBV + DLBCL），二者均表达CD30和EBV潜伏性类型3。两个病灶均被认为是与慢性炎症相关的DLBCL（CI-DLBCL），但一个呈现为7厘米实性肿块，而另一个呈现为一名HIV患者的纤维素相关的DLBCL（FA-DLBCL）。临床上，在胶囊切除和移植物摘除6个月或更长时间后，两者均完全缓解，无需额外化疗。这种以大型CD30阳性细胞为特征的病例在细胞起源未进一步确定的情况下很容易误诊为BIA-ALCL。因此，诊断面板包括特异性B和T细胞标记物以及EBER原位杂交必不可少，以认识到这种罕见实体、理解淋巴瘤的发生机制、预测预后和定义临床治疗方法。©2023年作者。

Breast-implant associated (BIA) lymphoma is an infrequent type of cancer occurring in the fluid and fibrous capsule around a textured breast implant. Recently, both the 2022 WHO 5th edition classification of Haematological tumours (WHO HAEM5) and 2022 International Consensus Classification of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms (22ICC), recognized breast implant-associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) as a definitive entity, defined as a mature CD30-positive T-cell lymphoma, confined by a fibrous capsule, in a breast implant setting. Only few B-cell lymphomas have been reported in the literature to be associated with breast implants. Here we report two EBV-positive Diffuse Large B-cell lymphomas (EBV + DLBCL) in relation to a breast implant, both expressing CD30 as well as EBV latency type 3. Both lesions were considered as DLBCL associated with chronic inflammation (CI-DLBCL), but one presented as a 7 cm solid mass, while the other presented as a fibrin-associated DLBCL (FA-DLBCL) in an HIV patient. Clinically, both are in complete remission 6 months or longer after capsulectomy and graft removal, without additional chemotherapy.Such cases, characterized by large CD30-positive cells, can easily be misdiagnosed as BIA-ALCL if the cell of origin is not further established. Therefore, a diagnostic panel including lineage-specific B-and T-cell markers and EBER in situ hybridization is essential to recognize this rare entity, to understand lymphomagenesis, to predict outcome and to define clinical approach.© 2023. The Author(s).