慢性非传染性疾病（CNCD）是巴西2019年死亡人数的主要原因之一，导致了超过734,000人死亡（所有死亡人数的55%），并且产生了重要的社会经济影响。本研究旨在分析巴西1980年至2019年CNCD死亡率及其与社会经济指标的关联。本研究采用描述性时间序列研究方法，分析了1980年至2019年巴西CNCD死亡情况。由巴西联合卫生系统信息部门获取了年度死亡频率和人口数据。使用直接方法（以2000年巴西人口为基础）估计每10万人口的原始和标准化死亡率。计算了每种CNCD的四分位数，其中一个增加死亡率的四分位变化由色度梯度表示。从Atlas Brasil网站提取了每个巴西联邦单位的城市人类发展指数（MHDI），并将其与CNCD死亡率进行了相关性分析。研究发现，在此期间，除了东北地区外，循环系统疾病死亡率有所下降，而新生物和糖尿病死亡率增加，慢性呼吸道疾病死亡率变化很小。减少CNCD死亡率的联邦单位与MHDI存在负相关。循环系统疾病死亡率的下降可能反映出巴西社会经济指标的改善。新生物死亡率的增加可能与人口的老龄化有关。女性肥胖症患病率的增加可能与糖尿病死亡率的增加有关。

Chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs) caused more than 734,000 deaths (55% of all deaths) in Brazil in 2019, with an important socioeconomic impact.To analyze the mortality rates from CNCDs in Brazil from 1980 to 2019 and their association with socioeconomic indicators.This was a descriptive, time-series study of deaths from CNCDs in Brazil from 1980 to 2019. Data on the annual frequencies of deaths and on population were obtained from the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System. Crude and standardized mortality rates per 100,000 inhabitants were estimated using the direct method (Brazilian population in 2000). The quartiles of each CNCD were calculated, where a quartile change, due to an increase in mortality rate, was represented by a chromatic gradient. The Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) of each Brazilian federative unit was extracted from the Atlas Brasil website and correlated with the rates of CNCD mortality.There was a reduction in mortality rates due to diseases of the circulatory system during the period, except in the Northeast Region. There was also an increase in mortality from neoplasia and diabetes, while the rates of chronic respiratory diseases showed little variation. There was an inverse correlation between the federative units with greater reduction in CNCD mortality rates and the MHDI.The observed decrease in mortality due to diseases of the circulatory system may reflect an improvement in socioeconomic indicators in Brazil during the period. The increase in mortality rates due to neoplasms is probably related to the aging of the population. The higher mortality rates of diabetes seem to be associated with an increase in the prevalence of obesity in Brazilian women.