自身免疫性视网膜病变（AIR）是一组能够导致失明的自身免疫性视网膜疾病。本研究的目的是探究AIR患者血清抗视网膜抗体（ARAs）和细胞因子的特征，并研究它们与疾病诊断以及AIR的临床特征的关联。研究对象包括被疑似为恶性肿瘤相关的(AIR)患者、非恶性肿瘤相关的(AIR)患者、患有色素性视网膜炎和双侧葡萄膜炎的疾病对照组，以及健康受试者。采用Western blot和Luminex多重细胞因子检测酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）分别确定血清ARAs的存在及细胞因子的浓度。应用Kruskal-Wallis检验或卡方检验比较不同组之间的ARAs和细胞因子特征。多层次混合效应回归（multilevel mixed-effect regression）被用来研究ARA或细胞因子与临床特征之间的关联。AIR患者和对照组之间的血清ARA条带数和亚型没有显著差异。AIR患者的血清IFN-ɤ，CXCL9或CXCL10浓度比非AIR对照组要高。我们发现，在非恶性肿瘤相关AIR患者中，ARA的数量增加与TNF-α的升高呈正相关。升高的促炎性细胞因子或ARA亚型（抗回收素和α-烯醇化酶抗体）与更糟糕的视网膜功能或结构相关，包括视力、视野、ERG指标和中央视网膜厚度。我们研究的数据表明，血清ARA的检测在AIR的诊断中具有有限的价值。Th1型细胞因子/趋化因子或特定的ARA亚型与AIR的发病机制和疾病严重程度有关。©2023该作者，通过独家授权许可Springer Verlag GmbH Deutschland使用，Springer Nature的一部分。

Autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) is a group of autoimmune retinal diseases that can cause blindness. The purpose of this study is to investigate the profiles of serum antiretinal antibodies (ARAs) and cytokines and their association with disease diagnosis as well as clinical features in AIR.The patients with presumed para (p) and non-paraneoplastic (np) AIR diagnosis, the patients with retinitis pigmentosa and bilateral uveitis as disease controls, and healthy subjects were prospectively enrolled. Western blotting and Luminex multiple cytokine assay/enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were used to determine the presence of serum ARAs and the concentration of cytokines, respectively. Kruskal-Wallis or chi square test was applied to compare the profiles of ARA and cytokines among various groups. The multilevel mixed-effect regression was used to investigate the association of ARA or cytokines with clinical features.No significant difference in the band number and subtypes of serum ARAs was found between AIR patients and their controls. AIR patients had higher concentration of serum IFN-ɤ, CXCL9, or CXCL10 than non-AIR controls. A positive correlation was found between increased number of ARAs and elevated TNF-α in np-AIR patients. Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines or ARA subtypes (antibody against recoverin and α-enolase) were associated with worse retinal functions or anatomy, including visual acuity, visual field, ERG parameters, and central retinal thickness.The data of our study demonstrate that detection of serum ARAs has limited value in the diagnosis of AIR. Th1-type cytokines/chemokines or specific ARA subtypes are associated with pathogenesis and disease severity of the AIR.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.