合成生物学旨在用人工基因电路将活体细菌细胞编程为用户定义的功能，将其转化为在癌症学等各个领域具有众多应用的强大工具。由于药物的全身作用，癌症治疗对患者产生严重的副作用。为解决这个问题，需要新的系统提供局部的抗肿瘤作用，同时最大程度地减少对健康组织的损害。细菌，常常被认为是致病因子，自20世纪初以来已被用作癌症治疗。基因工程、合成生物学、微生物学和肿瘤学的进步改善了细菌疗法，使其更安全、更有效。在这里，我们提出了基于合成生物学的细菌癌症治疗的六个模块，包括荷载、释放、瞄准肿瘤、生物防护、记忆和遗传电路稳定性模块。这些模块将确保抗肿瘤活性，对环境和患者安全，预防细菌定殖，维持细胞稳定性，并防止基因电路的丢失或失功能化。版权所有©2023作者。由Elsevier B.V.出版。保留所有权利。

Synthetic biology aims to program living bacteria cells with artificial genetic circuits for user-defined functions, transforming them into powerful tools with numerous applications in various fields, including oncology. Cancer treatments have serious side effects on patients due to the systemic action of the drugs involved. To address this, new systems that provide localized antitumoral action while minimizing damage to healthy tissues are required. Bacteria, often considered pathogenic agents, have been used as cancer treatments since the early 20th century. Advances in genetic engineering, synthetic biology, microbiology, and oncology have improved bacterial therapies, making them safer and more effective. Here we proposed six modules for a successful synthetic biology-based bacterial cancer therapy, the modules include Payload, Release, Tumor-targeting, Biocontainment, Memory, and Genetic Circuit Stability Module. These will ensure antitumor activity, safety for the environment and patient, prevent bacterial colonization, maintain cell stability, and prevent loss or defunctionalization of the genetic circuit.Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.