溶瘤病毒（OVs）具有肿瘤选择性细胞毒性和疗效因子（病毒）在肿瘤内局部扩增的潜力，从而提高其疗效指数。然而，尽管有此潜力，但单一药物治疗并未像联合疗法那样成功，特别是与免疫检查点抑制剂联合的治疗。这些抗体可通过两种途径给予，一种是将其编码在OV基因组中，将抗体产生限制在病毒感染活跃部位，或者作为单独治疗与OV同时给予。这两种方法都显示出有希望的治疗效果，这引发了一个有趣的问题，即哪种方法可能更好。在本综述中，我们简要总结了针对肿瘤细胞、肿瘤微环境和免疫细胞的联合OV-抗体治疗，以帮助确定影响哪种方法更优越的关键参数，从而提高对OV治疗策略的理性设计的认识。© 作者（或其雇主）（2023）。根据CC BY-NC许可进行重新使用。不得进行商业再利用。由BMJ出版。

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) provide the promise of tumor-selective cytotoxicity coupled with amplification of the therapeutic agent (the virus) in situ within the tumor improving its therapeutic index. Despite this promise, however, single agent-treatments have not been as successful as combination therapies, particularly combining with checkpoint inhibitor antibodies. The antibodies may be delivered by two approaches, either encoded within the OV genome to restrict antibody production to sites of active virus infection or alternatively given alongside OVs as separate treatments. Both approaches have shown promising therapeutic outcomes, and this leads to an interesting question of whether one approach is potentially better than the other. In this review, we provide a brief summary of the combination OV-antibody therapies that target tumor cells, tumor microenvironment and immune cells to help define key parameters influencing which approach is superior, thereby improving insight into the rational design of OV treatment strategies.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.