儿童和年轻成年人（AYAs）中极度罕见的是多发性骨髓瘤（MM）< 45 岁的年龄群体。使用ASCO的CancerLinQ DiscoveryⓇ（CLQD）MM数据库和SEER的真实世界数据，对美国现代治疗时代的AYA MM患者的人口统计学特征和结果进行了描述。评估了SPM、VTE和感染的频率，以及OS和死亡原因。共纳入了来自SEER的1946例AYA MM患者和来自CancerLinQ的1334例患者。在SPMs方面，与≥ 45岁的MM患者相比，AYAs更有可能发展为ALL（RR 2.6，P = .003）和AML（RR 1.7，P = .034），而更不可能发展为非黑色素皮肤癌（RR 0.2，P = .001）和前列腺癌（RR 0.1，P = .013）。AYAs患上VTE的风险较低（RR 0.75，P = .002），感染风险稍高（RR 1.11，P = .002）。AYA MM患者的OS中位数在两个数据集中均显著比≥ 45岁的MM患者更长。在SEER队列中，女性性别（HR 0.74，P = .003）、非西班牙裔种族（HR 0.73，P = .005）和年均家庭收入≥ 65,000美元（HR 0.67，P = .001）与较低的死亡风险有关。在CLQD队列中，OS受女性性别的显著影响（HR 0.6，P = .048）。种族在这两个队列中对OS没有统计学显著影响。大多数AYAs死于MM（68.3%）、其他原发性恶性肿瘤（7.5%，主要是白血病）和心血管事件（5.2%）。感染致死率为3.2%。这项分析突显了美国现代时代AYA MM患者的一些独特特征。由Elsevier Inc.出版。

Multiple myeloma (MM) is exceedingly rare in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) < 45 years of age.Real-world data from ASCO's CancerLinQ DiscoveryⓇ (CLQD) MM dataset and SEER were utilized to characterize demographics and outcomes of AYA MM patients in the United States in the modern treatment era. Frequencies of SPMs, VTEs, and infections were assessed, as were OS and cause of death.A total of 1946 AYA MM patients from SEER and 1334 from CancerLinQ were included. In terms of SPMs, AYAs were more likely to develop ALL (RR 2.6, P = .003) and AML (RR 1.7, P = .034), and less likely to develop nonmelanoma skin cancer (RR 0.2, P = .001) and prostate cancer (RR 0.1, P = .013) than MM patients ≥ 45. AYAs were at lower risk of VTE (RR 0.75, P = .002) and slightly higher risk of infections (RR 1.11, P = .002). Median OS among AYA MM patients was significantly longer than MM patients ≥ 45 in both datasets. In the SEER cohort, female sex (HR 0.74, P = .003), non-Hispanic ethnicity (HR 0.73, P = .005), and annual household income ≥ $65,000 per year (HR 0.67, P = .001) were associated with lower hazards of mortality. In the CLQD cohort, OS was significantly influenced by female sex (HR 0.6, P = .048). Race did not have a statistically significant impact OS in either cohort. Most AYAs died of MM (68.3%), other primary malignancy (7.5%, mostly leukemia), and cardiovascular events (5.2%). Infections accounted for 3.2% of deaths.This analysis highlights some unique characteristics of AYA MM patients in the United States in the modern era.Published by Elsevier Inc.