为了确定肺栓塞（PE）出院后1年内重新住院的绝对风险、原因和相关因素，本研究使用丹麦全国的登记数据库，纳入了2000年至2020年出院时仍存活的首次PE患者。随后的住院情况被分类，并使用粗略的累积发生率来估计任何重新住院和重新住院的具体原因的绝对风险（AR）。使用特定原因的Cox回归模型调查了重新住院的风险因素。共识别了55,201名患者。研究人群的中位年龄为70岁（四分位距：59;79），最常见的合并症是癌症（29.3%）和缺血性心脏病（12.7%）。PE出院后1年内重新住院的AR为48.6%（95%置信区间（CI）；48.2%-48.8%）。重新住院最常见的原因是呼吸系统疾病（1年AR：9.5%（95% CI：9.3%-9.8%）），其次是心血管疾病（1年AR：6.3%（95% CI：5.9%-6.5%））、癌症（1年AR：6.0%（95% CI：5.8%-6.4%））、静脉血栓栓塞症（1年AR：5.2%（95% CI：5.0%-5.2%））和症状诊断（1年AR：5.2%（95%CI：5.0%-5.4%））。增加重新住院风险的因素包括癌症、肝病、慢性阻塞性肺病、慢性肾病和固定不动。PE患者面临高重新住院风险，近半数患者在1年内重新住院。鉴定高风险患者可以帮助定向干预措施，以减少重新住院的风险。© 2023作者。由牛津大学出版社代表欧洲心脏学会出版。

To identify the absolute risk, causes and factors associated with rehospitalization within 1 year of discharge with a pulmonary embolism (PE).Using the Danish nationwide registries, all patients admitted with a first-time PE between 2000 and 2020 and discharged alive were included. Subsequent hospitalizations were categorized and crude cumulative incidences, were used to estimate the absolute risk (AR) of any rehospitalization and specific causes of rehospitalizations. Risk factors for rehospitalization were investigated using cause specific Cox regression models.A total of 55 201 patients were identified. The median age of the study population was 70 years (inter quartile range: 59;79), and the most prevalent comorbidities were cancer (29.3%) and ischemic heart disease (12.7%). The 1-year AR of any rehospitalization after discharge with a PE was 48.6% (95% confidence interval (CI); 48.2%-48.8%). The most common cause for being rehospitalized was due to respiratory disease (1-year AR: 9.5% (95% CI: 9.3%-9.8%)), followed by cardiovascular disease (1-year AR: 6.3% (95% CI: 5.9%-6.5%)), cancer (1-year AR: 6.0% (95% CI: 5.8%-6.4%)), venous thromboembolism (1-year AR: 5.2% (95% CI: 5.0%-5.2%)), and symptom diagnoses (1-year AR: 5.2% (95%CI: 5.0%-5.4%)). Factors that were associated with an increased risk of rehospitalization were cancer, liver disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, and immobilization.Patients with PE have a high risk of rehospitalization, with almost half of patients being rehospitalized within 1 year. Identification of high-risk patients may help target interventions aiming at reducing the risk of rehospitalization.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.