免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICIs) 已被批准用于治疗各种癌症类型。尽管这些药物的剂量得到了食品和药品管理局（FDA）的批准，但从未进行过优化，很可能导致用药剂量显著高于最佳疗效所需。剂量优化理论上可降低免疫相关不良事件的风险、严重程度和持续时间，并提供通过诸如非标剂量减少或减少用药频次等干预药物经济策略来降低成本的机会。我们总结了现有关于ICI剂量优化的证据，以倡导干预药物经济学的作用。© 2023 作者，独家许可给斯普林杰自然有限公司。

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are approved for the treatment of a variety of cancer types. The doses of these drugs, though approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), have never been optimised, likely leading to significantly higher doses than required for optimal efficacy. Dose optimisation would hypothetically decrease the risk, severity, and duration of immune-related adverse events, as well as provide an opportunity to reduce costs through interventional pharmacoeconomic strategies such as off-label dose reductions or less frequent dosing. We summarise existing evidence for ICI dose optimisation to advocate for the role of interventional pharmacoeconomics.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.