表明，在夜间睡前的补充蛋白质已被证明能够增强运动引起的肌肉损伤的夜间恢复效果。至于这种方法是否对间歇训练（SIT）的恢复产生影响尚未明确。本研究调查了每晚睡前补充蛋白质对创造酸激酶（CK）和炎症细胞因子（包括白细胞介素-6和-10（IL-6和IL-10）以及肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα））的早期（SIT后45分钟）和晚期（SIT后24和48小时）反应的影响。二十名受训游泳者进行了为期两周的游泳SIT（每组12次全力游泳，每次间隔1:1恢复和组间休息3分钟），并随机分为两个干预组，每晚睡前分别摄入0.5克/千克/天的蛋白饮料（PRO组）或相同量的碳水化合物（CHO组）。初次和最后一次训练会话中，CK和细胞因子的反应在不同的时间点进行了分析，包括休息、完成后立即、SIT后45分钟以及SIT后24和48小时。CK浓度在PRO组和CHO组均从休息点升高到SIT后24和48小时（p<0.05）。在两个训练组中，IL-6和IL-10的峰值观察到在两个场合的SIT后45分钟。TNFα水平在休息期间显著升高，然后在两组和两个场合恢复到基线值（p<0.001）。在两个组中，游泳SIT还将细胞因子反应在运动48小时后转变为抗炎状态，通过降低最后一次训练会话中IL-6与IL-10的比值（p<0.04）。补睡前的蛋白质摄入未能改善血液肌肉损伤指标。两周游泳SIT后，不论是补充蛋白质还是碳水化合物摄入，细胞因子的晚期抗炎状况和运动引起的肌肉损伤得到了改善。

Pre-sleep protein has been shown to improve muscle recovery overnight following exercise-induced muscle damage. Whether such an approach affects recovery from sprint interval training (SIT) has yet to be elucidated. This study examined the effects of protein supplementation every night before sleep on early (45 min post-SIT) and late (24 and 48 h after SIT) responses of creatine kinase (CK) and inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 and 10 (IL-6 and IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα).Twenty trained swimmers underwent a 2-week in-water swimming SIT (two sets of 12 × 50-m all-out swims, interspersed by 1:1 recovery between each sprint and 3 min of rest between sets) and were randomized to two intervention groups receiving either 0.5 g kg-1 day-1 protein beverage (PRO) or the same amount of carbohydrate (CHO) preceding going to bed every night. For initial and final training sessions, CK and cytokine responses were analyzed at different time points, including resting, immediately after completion, 45 min post-SIT, and 24 and 48 h after SIT.CK concentrations elevated from resting point to 24 and 48 h post-SIT for both PRO and CHO groups (p < 0.05). In both training groups, the peak levels of IL-6 and 10 were observed 45 min post-SIT on both occasions. TNFα levels significantly elevated from rest to immediately after SIT (p < 0.001) and returned to values equivalent to the baseline afterward in both groups and on both occasions. In both groups, swimming SIT also switched the cytokine response 48 hours after exercise to an anti-inflammatory status by decreasing the ratio of IL-6 to IL-10 (p < 0.04) in the last training session.Pre-sleep protein ingestion failed to ameliorate blood markers of muscle damage. The late anti-inflammatory profile of cytokines and exercise-induced muscle damage improved after two weeks of swimming SIT with either protein or carbohydrate ingestion before sleep.