大气中PM2.5中的多环芳香烃（PAHs）对人类健康构成潜在严重威胁。本研究从2016年到2019年，分析了广州市环境空气中16种优先管控的细微PM（PM2.5）结合PAHs的分布特征。四种具有最高年平均浓度的高分子量PAHs为苯并[ghi]芘（BghiP; 0.757 ng/m3）、吲哚并[1,2,3-cd]芘（IcdP; 0.627 ng/m3）、苯并[b]芴（BbF, 0.519 ng/m3）和3,4-苯并[α]芘（BaP; 0.426 ng/m3）。BghiP、IcdP、BbF和BaP浓度的增加与呼吸系统疾病门诊人次的增加相关，表明接触这些PAHs可能导致居民急性呼吸系统损伤。将人支气管上皮细胞系BEAS-2B细胞体外急性暴露于BghiP，IcdP，BbF和BaP会导致急性炎症，DNA损伤和细胞凋亡。进一步的生物信息学分析表明，核受体亚家族1组D成员1（NR1D1）可能是介导BghiP毒性效应的关键靶基因。总之，我们的结果表明，以BghiP为代表的其他PAHs可以损害呼吸系统并诱发肺癌。本研究为本地环境中PAHs污染所带来的潜在健康风险提供了有价值的证据。本文版权©2023作者。由Elsevier Inc.出版，保留所有权利。

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5 pose potentially serious threats to human health. In this study, the distribution characteristics of 16 priority controlled, fine PM (PM2.5)-bound PAHs in the ambient air of Guangzhou city were analysed from 2016 to 2019. Four high-molecular-weight PAHs with the highest annual average concentrations were benzo[ghi]perylene (BghiP; 0.757 ng/m3), indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IcdP; 0.627 ng/m3), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF, 0.519 ng/m3) and 3,4-benzopyrene (BaP; 0.426 ng/m3). Increasing concentrations of BghiP, IcdP, BbF and BaP were associated with increasing numbers of outpatient visits for respiratory diseases, indicating that exposure to these PAHs potentially causes acute respiratory injury in residents. Acute exposure of the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B cells to BghiP, IcdP, BbF and BaP in vitro resulted in acute inflammation, DNA damage and apoptosis. Further bioinformatic analysis indicated that nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1) may be a key target gene involved in mediating the toxic effects of BghiP. Collectively, our results suggest that BghiP and the other PAHs represented by it can damage the respiratory system and induce lung cancer. This study provides valuable evidence regarding the potential health risks posed by local ambient PAHs pollution.Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.